# US 10,865,711 B2 · Air inlet system for auxiliary power units

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- Number: US 10,865,711 B2
- Document ID: US10865711B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/054,252
- Filed: 2018-08-03
- Published: 2020-02-06
- Granted: 2020-12-15
- Earliest claimed: 2018-08-03
- Assignees: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.
- Applicants: Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.
- Inventors: Nigel Walters; Nicholas Ngoly; David Cerantola; Mark Cunningham; Roger Lachance
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10865711B2

## CPC

- B64D 41/00: Power installations for auxiliary purposes
- F02C 7/055: with intake grids, screens or guards
- B64D 33/02: of combustion air intakes
- F02C 7/05: having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles
- B01D 2279/60: for the intake of internal combustion engines or turbines
- B64D 2033/0213: {specially adapted for auxiliary power units (APU's)}
- B64D 2033/0246: {comprising particle separators}
- F05D 2220/50: for auxiliary power units (APU's)
- F05D 2250/51: Inlet
- B64D: EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- F02C: GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B11/00)
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- F05D: INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS

## Abstract

An air inlet system for an auxiliary power unit (APU) has an intake duct having a wall defining an inlet plenum and forming an inlet opening configured to direct air into the inlet plenum. The system further comprising a load compressor passage in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a load compressor of the APU; and a core compressor passage in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a core compressor of the APU. A deflector is provided in the inlet plenum between the inlet opening and the core compressor inlet to deflect at least part of particles carried by an incoming airflow away from the core compressor inlet toward the load compressor inlet.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An air inlet system for an auxiliary power unit (APU), the air inlet system comprising:
an intake duct having a wall defining an inlet plenum and forming an inlet opening configured to direct air into the inlet plenum;
a load compressor passage having a load compressor inlet in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a load compressor of the APU;
a core compressor passage having a core compressor inlet in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a core compressor of the APU;
a deflector extending in the inlet plenum between the inlet opening and the core compressor inlet, the deflector configured to deflect at least part of particles carried by an incoming airflow away from the core compressor inlet toward the load compressor inlet, wherein the deflector extends circumferentially between a first end and an opposed second end along an arc around a center axis of the APU.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the intake duct has an edge of a rectangular shape defining a periphery of the inlet opening, the edge extending laterally relative to the center axis of the APU between two opposed longitudinal segments of the edge, a midplane of the deflector extending longitudinally along the center axis of the APU being coplanar with a midplane of the edge.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the load compressor inlet has a first circumferential opening defined about the center axis of the APU within the inlet plenum, and the core compressor inlet has a second circumferential opening defined about the center axis of the APU within the inlet plenum.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the arc of the deflector defines an angle of at least 90 degrees around the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 4, wherein the deflector extends circumferentially about the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the deflector diverges away from the center axis of the APU while extending in the inlet plenum relative to a direction from the wall to a splitter between the load compressor passage and the core compressor passage, the core compressor inlet at least partially surrounding the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the deflector is perforated.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the deflector includes at least two arcuate segments separately mounted around the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, comprising an inlet screen mounted in the inlet plenum about the center axis of the APU, and wherein the deflector is mounted radially outward of the inlet screen relative to the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, comprising an inlet screen mounted in the inlet plenum about the center axis of the APU, and wherein the deflector is mounted radially inward of the inlet screen relative to the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The air inlet system as defined in claim 1, wherein the inlet plenum is free of the deflector at a location of the load compressor inlet along the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 12

An auxiliary power unit (APU) comprising:
a load compressor providing compressed air to an aircraft;
a core compressor in fluid flow communication with a combustor;
an intake duct having a wall defining an inlet plenum providing a common air inlet for the load compressor and the core compressor;
a splitter mounted in the intake duct, the splitter bifurcating the common air inlet between a load compressor inlet communicating with the load compressor and a core compressor inlet communicating with the core compressor;
a deflector mounted in the intake duct and extending in the inlet plenum, the deflector configured to deflect at least a first airflow stream away from the core compressor inlet toward the load compressor inlet, the deflector extending at most to the splitter without extending in the load compressor inlet when viewed along a direction of a second airflow stream flowing through the intake duct from the common air inlet to the load compressor inlet; and
an inlet screen mounted in the inlet plenum about a center axis of the APU, the deflector mounted radially outward of the inlet screen relative to the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the load compressor inlet has a first circumferential opening defined about the center axis of the APU between the wall and the splitter, and the core compressor inlet has a second circumferential opening defined about the center axis of the APU between the wall and the splitter.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the deflector extends circumferentially between a first end and an opposed second end along an arc defined by an angle of at least 90 degrees around the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the deflector extends circumferentially about the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the deflector diverges away from the center axis of the APU while extending in the inlet plenum relative to a direction from the wall to the splitter, the core compressor inlet at least partially surrounding the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the deflector is perforated.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The APU as defined in claim 12, wherein the deflector includes at least two segments separately mounted around the center axis of the APU.

### Claim 19

A method for supplying air to an auxiliary power unit (APU), the comprising an air inlet system having:
an intake duct having a wall defining an inlet plenum and forming an inlet opening configured to direct air into the inlet plenum;
a load compressor passage having a load compressor inlet in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a load compressor of the APU;
a core compressor passage having a core compressor inlet in fluid communication with the inlet plenum and leading to a core compressor of the APU;
a deflector extending in the inlet plenum between the inlet opening and the core compressor inlet, wherein the deflector extends circumferentially between a first end and an opposed second end along an arc around a center axis of the APU, the method comprising: ingesting air through the inlet opening; directing a first airflow of the air toward the load compressor inlet; directing a second airflow of the air toward the core compressor inlet; and deflecting a portion of the second airflow away from the core compressor inlet toward the load compressor inlet.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method as defined in claim 19, comprising directing particles contained in the second airflow toward the load compressor inlet by inertial separation.