# US 10,865,604 B2 · Laser induced graphene coated optical fibers > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,865,604 B2 - Document ID: US10865604B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/315,990 - Filed: 2016-09-30 - Published: 2019-05-09 - Granted: 2020-12-15 - Earliest claimed: 2016-09-30 - Assignees: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. - Applicants: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. - Inventors: Satyan Gopal Bhongale; Daniel Joshua Stark; Etienne Samson; Li Gao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10865604B2 ## CPC - G02B 6/02395: {Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture (G02B6/02052, G02B6/02057, G02B6/024, G02B6/032, G02B6/105, G02B6/14 take precedence; coating on fibre gratings G02B6/02104; multilayer core or cladding G02B6/036; reinforcing splice joints G02B6/2558; optical cables, i.e. comprising protective structures external to the protective coating such as a jacket or plural coated optical fibres G02B6/44; coating of glass to obtain optical fibres C03C25/104)} - E21B 17/003: {with electrically conducting or insulating means (E21B17/028 and E21B17/023 take precedence)} - E21B 47/00: Survey of boreholes or wells (monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid E21B21/08) - G01D 5/268: {using optical fibres (G01D5/28 - G01D5/38 take precedence)} - G01N 21/00: Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light (G01N3/00 - G01N19/00 take precedence) - G02B 6/4415: {Cables for special applications (G02B6/4429, G02B6/4439, G02B6/4479 take precedence)} - G02B 6/443: {Protective covering} - G02B 6/4479: {Manufacturing methods of optical cables} - H01G 11/08: Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component - H01G 11/10: Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules (housings, cases, encapsulations or mountings thereof H01G11/78) - H01G 11/36: Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes - H01G 11/86: specially adapted for electrodes (carbonisation or activation of carbon for the manufacture of electrodes H01G11/34) - G02B 6/02: Optical fibres with cladding {with or without a coating} - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS - G01D: MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10) ## Abstract The disclosed embodiments include an optical fiber having a graphene coating, a method to apply a graphene coating onto an optical fiber, and a fiber optic cable having a graphene coating. In one embodiment, the optical fiber includes an optical core that extends along a longitudinal axis. The optical fiber also includes a carbon based coating that covers the optical core along the longitudinal axis. The optical fiber also includes a layer of graphene formed on a first surface of the carbon based coating. The layer of graphene is formed from a laser induction process that includes focusing a laser beam at the carbon based coating to photothermally convert the first surface of the carbon based coating into graphene. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An optical fiber having a graphene coating, comprising: an optical core extending along a longitudinal axis; a carbon based coating covering the optical core along the longitudinal axis; a layer of graphene formed on a first surface of the carbon based coating; and a plurality of electrical components formed on the layer of graphene. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene is formed from a laser induction process comprising focusing a laser beam at the carbon based coating to photothermally convert the first surface of the carbon based coating into the layer of graphene. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrical components form a power source to provide power to a downhole tool. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrical components form sensor components to provide measurements of a downhole environment. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The optical fiber of claim 4, wherein the sensor components are operable to measure at least one of a pressure, a temperature, a resistivity, an electromagnetic field strength and direction, an acoustic field strength, a radioactive flux, water content, and a pH of the downhole environment. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, further comprising an intermediary layer having material properties that strengthen the optical fiber. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The optical fiber of claim 6, wherein the intermediary layer has insulating or semiconducting properties that isolate the optical core from one or more electrically conductive layers. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the carbon based coating is formed from polyimides. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the layer of graphene inhibits hydrogen ions from penetrating the carbon based coating. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the graphene layer is electrically conductive. ### Claim 11 A fiber optic cable having a graphene coating, the fiber optic cable comprising: a plurality of optical fibers extending along a longitudinal axis; a carbon based coating encapsulating the plurality of optical fibers along the longitudinal axis; a layer of graphene having conductive properties and disposed on a first surface of the carbon based coating; and at least one layer of material disposed on a first surface of the layer of graphene. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of electrical components formed from the layer of graphene and a first layer of the at least one layer of the material. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein the layer of graphene is disposed on the first surface of the carbon based coating via a laser induction process comprising focusing a laser beam at the carbon based coating to photothermally convert carbon atoms of the carbon based coating from having an sp3 hybridization to an sp2 hybridization. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of electrical components formed on the layer of graphene. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The fiber optic cable of claim 14, wherein the plurality of electrical components form a power source to provide power to a downhole tool. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The fiber optic cable of claim 14, wherein the plurality of electrical components form sensor components to provide measurements of a downhole environment. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The fiber optic cable of claim 16, wherein the sensor components are operable to measure at least one of a pressure, a temperature, a resistivity, an electromagnetic field strength and direction, an acoustic field strength, a radioactive flux, water content, and a pH of the downhole environment. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, further comprising an intermediary layer having material properties that strengthen the optical fiber optic cable. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein the layer of graphene inhibits hydrogen ions from penetrating the carbon based coating. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The fiber optic cable of claim 11, wherein the graphene layer is electrically conductive.