# US 10,859,298 B2 · Evaporator control > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,859,298 B2 - Document ID: US10859298B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/104,039 - Filed: 2014-12-19 - Published: 2017-02-02 - Granted: 2020-12-08 - Earliest claimed: 2013-12-20 - Assignees: Hubbard Products Limited - Applicants: Hubbard Products Ltd - Inventors: Sam Olukoju - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10859298B2 ## CPC - F25B 49/02: for compression type machines, plants or systems - F25B 5/02: arranged in parallel - F25B 39/02: Evaporators - G05B 15/02: electric - F25B 2600/2513: Expansion valves - F25B 2700/21173: at the outlet - G05B 2219/2654: Fridge, refrigerator - G05B 2219/41181: PID precompensation for position loop - F25B: REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) ## Abstract An evaporator controller for a plural-coil evaporator of a refrigeration system, the evaporator controller comprising a mode determiner for selecting a mode of operation of the evaporator from a plurality of modes of operation, wherein one mode uses a first coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator, another mode uses a second coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator and at least one mode uses more than one of the plurality of coils, based on selection data and a refrigeration requirement, and a selection data updater for updating the selection data based on the selected mode of operation and a process variable of the refrigeration system. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An evaporator controller for a plural-coil evaporator of a refrigeration system, the evaporator controller comprising: a mode determiner for selecting a mode of operation of the evaporator from a plurality of modes of operation based on selection data and a refrigeration requirement, wherein one of the plurality of modes uses a first coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator, another one of the plurality of modes uses a second coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator, and at least one other of the plurality of modes uses more than one of the plurality of coils, and wherein the selection data comprises boundary data relating operational limits of each of the plurality of modes of operation to operational limits of the evaporator; and a selection data updater for updating the selection data based on the selected mode of operation and a process variable of the refrigeration system. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the mode determiner has selection logic defining at least one mode-selection rule for selecting the mode of operation. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the mode determiner is configured to access a value representing the process variable and to update the selection data to provide updated selection data based on the process variable value. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the process variable comprises at least one of: a rate of a change of evaporator demand, a theoretical duty of the evaporator, a measured duty of the evaporator, an evaporator supply temperature, a rate of change of the evaporator supply temperature, the evaporator supply temperature measured at a transition between modes of control, a superheat value, or a temperature of pressure associated with a compressor of the refrigeration system. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the process variable comprises a combination of the evaporator demand, evaporator supply temperature, and the evaporator supply temperature measured at a transition between different modes of control. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the selection data updater is configured to re-define selection data for at least one of the plurality of modes of operation. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, further comprising an up-scaler for up-scaling the selection data and up-scaling a process variable value and providing the up-scaled selection data and process variable value to the selection data updater. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, further comprising a PID loop controller for determining the refrigeration requirement by calculating an evaporator demand value based on an evaporator supply temperature and a set-point temperature. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The evaporator controller of claim 8, wherein the mode determiner is configured to access the selection data and to select the mode of operation based on the selection data and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The evaporator controller of claim 8, further comprising a coil usage determiner for determining a coil usage requirement of a coil in the selected mode based on the selected mode and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The evaporator controller of claim 10, further comprising a valve drive controller for controlling an expansion valve associated with the coil based on the coil usage requirement. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The evaporator controller of claim 8, further comprising a respective coil usage determiner for determining a coil usage requirement of a corresponding said coil in the selected mode based on the selected mode and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The evaporator controller of claim 12, further comprising, for each coil, a valve drive controller for controlling an expansion valve associated with that coil based on its coil usage requirement. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The evaporator controller of claim 1, wherein the selection data updater has selection logic defining at least one selection data-update rule for re-defining the selection data. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The evaporator controller of claim 14, wherein the selection data-update rule dictates updating the selection data when the process variable is within a predetermined range to avoid selection of a different mode of operation within a predefined region of a set-point temperature. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) An evaporator comprising: an expansion valve arrangement; a cooling coil arrangement comprising the plurality of coils; and the evaporator controller according to claim 1. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) A refrigeration system (17) comprising: a compressor, a condenser, and the evaporator of claim 16. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) A partial air cooling system (15) comprising: at least one cooling case, a supply air path, a return air path, and the refrigeration system of claim 17. ### Claim 19 A method of controlling a plural-coil evaporator of a refrigeration system, the method comprising: selecting a mode of operation of the evaporator from a plurality of modes of operation, wherein one of the plurality of modes uses a first coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator, another one of the plurality of modes uses a second coil of the plurality of coils of the evaporator, and at least one other of the plurality of modes uses more than one of the plurality of coils, wherein the mode of operation is selected based on selection data and a refrigeration requirement, and wherein the selection data comprises boundary data relating operational limits of each of the plurality of modes of operation to operational limits of the evaporator; and updating the selection data based on a process variable of the refrigeration system. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein selecting the mode of operation is based on selection logic defining at least one mode-selection rule. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, further comprising the step of accessing the process variable and updating the selection data to provide updated selection data based on the process variable. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein the process variable comprises at least one of a rate of a change of evaporator demand, a theoretical duty of the evaporator, a measured duty of the evaporator, an evaporator supply temperature, a rate of change of the evaporator supply temperature, the evaporator supply temperature measured at a transition between modes of control, a superheat value and a temperature of pressure associated with a compressor of the refrigeration system. ### Claim 23 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein the process variable comprises a combination of the evaporator demand, evaporator supply temperature and the evaporator supply temperature measured at a transition between modes of control. ### Claim 24 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein updating the selection data is based on selection logic defining at least one a selection data-update rule. ### Claim 25 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein updating the selection data comprises up-scaling the selection data and up-scaling a value representing the process variable. ### Claim 26 (depends on 19) A computer product comprising a processor and at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium programmed with instructions to cause the processor to execute the method of claim 19. ### Claim 27 (depends on 19) A non-transitory computer medium carrying machine readable instructions for implementing the method of claim 19. ### Claim 28 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, further comprising the step of determining the refrigeration requirement based on an evaporator supply temperature and a set-point temperature. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The method according to claim 28, wherein determining the refrigeration requirement comprises determining an evaporator demand value using a PID loop controller taking the evaporator supply temperature and the set-point temperature as inputs. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The method according to claim 29, further comprising the step of accessing the selection data and selecting the mode of operation based on the selection data and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 31 (depends on 29) The method according to claim 29, further comprising the step of determining a coil usage requirement based on the selected mode and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The method according to claim 31, further comprising the step of controlling an expansion valve associated with a coil in the selected mode of operation based on the coil usage requirement. ### Claim 33 (depends on 29) The method according to claim 29, further comprising the step of determining a respective coil usage requirement of a corresponding said coil based on the selected mode and the evaporator demand value. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The method according to claim 33, further comprising the step of, for each coil, controlling an expansion valve associated with that coil in the selected mode of operation based on the coil usage requirement. ### Claim 35 (depends on 29) The method according to claim 29, further comprising the step of determining an evaporator demand value, accessing the updated selection data and selecting a mode of operation based on the updated selection data and evaporator demand value. ### Claim 36 (depends on 19) The method according to claim 19, wherein updating the selection data comprises re-defining selection data for at least one of the plurality of modes of operation. ### Claim 37 (depends on 36) The method according to claim 36, wherein the selection-update rule dictates updating the selection data when the process variable is within a predetermined range to avoid selection of a different mode of operation within a predefined region of the set-point temperature.