Electric field switchable magnetic devices

A system comprising:

• a plurality of magnetic devices, wherein at least one magnetic device of the plurality of magnetic devices comprises:
• a layer stack comprising:
• a first ferromagnetic layer;
• a non-magnetic spacer layer on the first ferromagnetic layer;
• a second ferromagnetic layer on the non-magnetic spacer layer;
• an oxide layer on the second ferromagnetic layer;
• wherein the layer stack is configured so that a magnetic orientation of the second ferromagnetic layer is configured to be switched by a bias voltage across the layer stack without application of an external magnetic field or a current, wherein a thickness and composition of the non-magnetic spacer layer is selected to enable a switching direction of the magnetic orientation of the second ferromagnetic layer to be controlled by a sign of the bias voltage, and wherein the thickness of non-magnetic spacer layer is selected to cause antiferromagnetic coupling of the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer in the absence of the bias voltage.