Element used for an oscillation or detection of a terahertz wave

An element used for an oscillation or a detection of a terahertz wave, the element comprising:

• a resonance unit including a first conductor, a second conductor, a dielectric arranged between the first conductor and the second conductor, and a first negative resistance element and a second negative resistance element mutually connected in parallel between the first conductor and the second conductor;
• a bias circuit that supplies a bias voltage to each of the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element;
• and
• a line that connects the bias circuit to the resonance unit,
• wherein the following Expression (1) is satisfied;
• [Math. 1]
• Re(Y12)>⅓[G−Re(Y11)] (1)
• where Re(Y12) denotes a real part of a mutual admittance between the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element;
• where G denotes a gain of the first negative resistance element or the second negative resistance element;
• and
• where Re(Y11) denotes a real part of an admittance of an entire configuration including the resonance unit as viewed from the first negative resistance element.

An element comprising:

• a resonance unit including a first antenna unit including a first negative resistance element, a second antenna unit including a second negative resistance element, and a coupling part where a strong coupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is performed, in which a terahertz wave resonates;
• a bias circuit that supplies a bias voltage to the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element;
• and
• a line that connects the bias circuit to the resonance unit,
• wherein
• the resonance unit is configured in a manner that a mutual injection locking in a positive phase between the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element at a frequency of resonance based on an inductance of the line and a capacitance of the resonance unit is unstable, and a mutual injection locking in a reversed phase at a frequency of the terahertz wave becomes stable, and
• the resonance unit is configured to reduce a parasitic oscillation in a range between 50 GHz or higher and 500 GHz or lower.

An element comprising:

• a resonance unit including a first antenna unit including a first negative resistance element, a second antenna unit including a second negative resistance element, and a coupling part where a strong coupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is performed, in which a terahertz wave resonates;
• a bias circuit that supplies a bias voltage to the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element;
• and
• a line that connects the bias circuit to the antenna,
• wherein
• the following Expression (1) is satisfied;
• [Math. 2]
• Re(Y12)>⅓[G−Re(Y11)] (1)
• where Re(Y12) denotes a real part of a mutual admittance between the first negative resistance element and the second negative resistance element;
• where G denotes a gain of the first negative resistance element or the second negative resistance element;
• and
• where Re(Y11) denotes a real part of an admittance of an entire configuration including the resonance unit as viewed from the first negative resistance element.