Determining intermittent renewable energy penetration limits in a grid

A computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions executable by a device to cause the device to:

• determine a load forecast for an electrical network based on (i) historical load data for the electrical network, and (ii) future step load information for the electrical network;
• determine the maximum size of one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network based on (i) the load forecast, (ii) one or more parameters pertaining to the electrical network comprising resistance, reactance, and capacitance, (iii) information pertaining to the one or more renewable energy sources, and (iv) information pertaining to one or more non-renewable energy sources comprising multiple generator parameters comprising transient reactance and one or more droop characteristics;
• determine a size of at least one storage component for storing renewable energy generated by at least one of the one or more renewable energy sources, wherein said determining the size is based on (i) the maximum size of the one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network, and (ii) one or more constraints associated with the electrical network;
• determine a minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources based on (i) the load forecast, (ii) intermittency data associated with the one or more renewable energy sources and (iii) the one or more parameters pertaining to the electrical network, wherein said determining the minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources comprises determining an average minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources;
• configure the electrical network based on (i) the maximum size of the one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network, (ii) the size of the at least one storage component for storing renewable energy, and (iii) the minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources, wherein said configuring comprises minimizing a levelized cost of energy associated with the electrical network calculated based on an initial capital cost for the one or more renewable energy sources and the at least one storage component, a fixed charge rate, an expected annual energy production associated with the electrical network, operational expenses for a given period of time, and an argument indicating an electric network-level quantity;
• and
• implement a control system of one or more diesel generators in conjunction with the electrical network and configure the control system of one or more diesel generators to automatically deliver reserve active power to maintain a balance between demand and supply in the electrical network based at least in part on said configuring of the electrical network.

A system comprising:

• a memory;
• and
• at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured for:
• determining a load forecast for an electrical network based on (i) historical load data for the electrical network, and (ii) future step load information for the electrical network;
• determining the maximum size of one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network based on (i) the load forecast, (ii) one or more parameters pertaining to the electrical network comprising resistance, reactance, and capacitance, (iii) information pertaining to the one or more renewable energy sources, and (iv) information pertaining to one or more non-renewable energy sources comprising multiple generator parameters comprising transient reactance and one or more droop characteristics;
• determining a size of at least one storage component for storing renewable energy generated by at least one of the one or more renewable energy sources, wherein said determining the size is based on (i) the maximum size of the one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network, and (ii) one or more constraints associated with the electrical network;
• determining a minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources based on (i) the load forecast, (ii) intermittency data associated with the one or more renewable energy sources and (iii) the one or more parameters pertaining to the electrical network, wherein said determining the minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources comprises determining an average minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources;
• configuring the electrical network based on (i) the maximum size of the one or more renewable energy sources that can be added to the electrical network, (ii) the size of the at least one storage component for storing renewable energy, and (iii) the minimum loading level of the one or more non-renewable energy sources, wherein said configuring comprises minimizing a levelized cost of energy associated with the electrical network calculated based on an initial capital cost for the one or more renewable energy sources and the at least one storage component, a fixed charge rate, an expected annual energy production associated with the electrical network, operational expenses for a given period of time, and an argument indicating an electric network-level quantity;
• and
• implementing a control system of one or more diesel generators in conjunction with the electrical network and configuring the control system of one or more diesel generators to automatically deliver reserve active power to maintain a balance between demand and supply in the electrical network based at least in part on said configuring of the electrical network.