Hand, foot, and mouth vaccines and methods of manufacture and use thereof

A hand, foot, and mouth immunogenic composition comprising one or more antigens from a chemically-inactivated enterovirus 71 (EV71), wherein the one or more antigens comprise the VP1 polypeptide of EV71, wherein the VP1 polypeptide comprises four mutations comprising:

• (i) a valine to methionine substitution at position 7 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1, or at a position corresponding to position 7 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1 when aligned to SEQ ID NO:
• 1 using a pairwise alignment algorithm;
• (ii) an aspartic acid to asparagine substitution at position 14 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1, or at a position corresponding to position 14 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1 when aligned to SEQ ID NO:
• 1 using a pairwise alignment algorithm;
• (iii) a glutamic acid to glutamine substitution at position 145 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1, or at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1 when aligned to SEQ ID NO:
• 1 using a pairwise alignment algorithm;
• and
• (iv) an asparagine to aspartic acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 282 of SEQ ID NO:
• 1 when aligned to SEQ ID NO:
• 1 using a pairwise alignment algorithm.