# US 10,772,145 B2 · Autonomous formation for backhaul networks > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,772,145 B2 - Document ID: US10772145B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/913,016 - Filed: 2018-03-06 - Published: 2018-10-04 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2017-03-29 - Assignees: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Applicants: QUALCOMM Incorporated - Inventors: Karl Georg Hampel; Hong Cheng; Soo Bum Lee; Gavin Bernard Horn; Vincent Douglas Park - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10772145B2 ## CPC - H04W 76/15: Setup of multiple wireless link connections - H04B 7/155: Ground-based stations (H04B7/204 takes precedence) - H04L 45/74: Address processing for routing - H04W 24/02: Arrangements for optimising operational condition - H04B 7/2606: {Arrangements for base station coverage control, e.g. by using relays in tunnels} - H04W 36/08: Reselecting an access point - H04W 40/02: Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing - H04W 40/24: Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update - H04W 84/045: {using private Base Stations, e.g. femto Base Stations, home Node B} - H04W 84/047: {using dedicated repeater stations} - H04W 88/04: adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user - H04W 88/16: Gateway arrangements - H04W 92/20: between access points - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A user equipment (UE) may experience poor communication with a network access device, and the network access device may configure the UE to connect to, and route communications through, one or more relay nodes (e.g., which may be another UE, a network operator-deployed relay, etc.). Techniques are described whereby these relay nodes may autonomously form a wireless backhaul network. Sequential implementations are considered such that the size of the wireless backhaul network may scale efficiently. In some examples, the wireless backhaul network may form by reusing existing connectivity establishment procedures. Importantly, the proposed techniques enable a relay to possess (e.g., be configured with) functionality that may traditionally be associated with a UE, base station, and gateway. Such multi-faceted functionality may enable the described sequential formation of wireless backhaul networks with tree topology. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for wireless communication at a first relay, comprising: establishing a first connection to a first data network (DN) via a wireless link with a network node; receiving, from a second relay, a packet data unit (PDU) session request; forwarding the PDU session request to a network management function; identifying, based at least in part on the PDU session request, a DN address for the second relay via a wireless link with a second network node, wherein identifying the DN address further comprises receiving, from the network management function, a DN address prefix, determining the DN address for the second relay based at least in part on the DN address prefix, and transmitting the DN address to the second relay; establishing a second connection to a second DN for the second relay; and connecting the second relay to the first DN by routing data from the first DN to the second relay via the second DN based at least in part on the identified DN address. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first DN or the second DN is one of a packet data network (PDN), an Internet Protocol (IP) network, a local area network (LAN), a backhaul network, a self-backhaul network, or a wireless multi-hop network. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: updating a forwarding information base (FIB) at the first relay based at least in part on the determined DN address. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the determined DN address comprises a DN address of a set of DN addresses determined based at least in part on the DN address prefix. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the identified DN address is preconfigured or determined via a pseudo-random function. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein the DN address is determined based at least in part on a stateless address autoconfiguration (SLAAC). ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the DN address comprises: transmitting, to the network node, a DN address request for the second relay based at least in part on the PDU session request; and receiving a DN address response based at least in part on the DN address request, wherein the DN address response indicates the DN address for the second relay. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the DN address request indicates a requested DN address for the second relay. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising: updating a forwarding information base (FIB) at the first relay based at least in part on the DN address for the second relay. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the DN address comprises: determining the DN address for the second relay based at least in part on the PDU session request; and transmitting, to the network node, an indication of the determined DN address for the second relay. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, from the network node, an address management message indicating a DN address management scheme, wherein identifying the DN address is based at least in part on the DN address management scheme. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, from the network node, an address management message indicating a forwarding information base (FIB) update scheme; and updating a FIB based at least in part on the FIB update scheme. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the PDU session request indicates a network name. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the DN address comprises an address for an Internet Protocol (IP) network, an 802.1 local area network (LAN), or a packet data network (PDN). ### Claim 15 An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for establishing a first connection to a first data network (DN) via a wireless link with a network node; means for receiving, from a relay, a packet data unit (PDU) session request; means for forwarding the PDU session request to a network management function; means for identifying, based at least in part on the PDU session request, a DN address for the relay via a wireless link with a second network node, wherein the means for identifying the DN address comprises means for receiving, from the network management function, a DN address prefix, means for determining the DN address for the second relay based at least in part on the DN address prefix, and means for transmitting the DN address to the second relay; means for establishing a second connection to a second DN for the relay; and means for connecting the relay to the first DN by routing data from the first DN to the relay via the second DN based at least in part on the identified DN address. ### Claim 16 An apparatus for wireless communication, in a system comprising: a processor; memory in electronic communication with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and operable, when executed by the processor, to cause the apparatus to: establish a first connection to a first data network (DN) via a wireless link with a network node; receive, from a relay, a packet data unit (PDU) session request; forward the PDU session request to a network management function; identify, based at least in part on the PDU session request, a DN address for the relay via a wireless link with a second network node, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, are further operable to cause the apparatus to receive, from the network management function, a DN address prefix, determine the DN address for the second relay based at least in part on the DN address prefix, and transmit the DN address to the second relay; establish a second connection to a second DN for the relay; and connect the relay to the first DN by routing data from the first DN to the second relay via the second DN based at least in part on the identified DN address. ### Claim 17 A non-transitory computer readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to: establish a first connection to a first data network (DN) via a wireless link with a network node; receive, from a relay, a packet data unit (PDU) session request; forward the PDU session request to a network management function; identify, based at least in part on the PDU session request, a DN address for the relay via a wireless link with a second network node, wherein the code further comprises instructions executable by the processor to receive, from the network management function, a DN address prefix, determine the DN address for the second relay based at least in part on the DN address prefix, and transmit the DN address to the second relay; establish a second connection to a second DN for the relay; and connect the relay to the first DN by routing data from the first DN to the second relay via the second DN based at least in part on the identified DN address.