# US 10,771,893 B1 · Sound producing apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,771,893 B1 - Document ID: US10771893B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/882,554 - Filed: 2020-05-25 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2019-10-10 - Assignees: xMEMS Labs, Inc. - Applicants: xMEMS Labs, Inc. - Inventors: Jemm Yue Liang; Wen-Chien Chen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10771893B1 ## CPC - H04R 3/00: Circuits for transducers (arrangements for producing a reverberation or echo sound G10K15/08; amplifiers H03F) - G10K 9/12: electrically operated - G10K 9/125: with a plurality of active elements - G10K 15/02: Synthesis of acoustic waves (synthesis of speech G10L13/00) - H03F 1/02: Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation - H03F 3/181: Low-frequency amplifiers, e.g. audio preamplifiers - H03F 3/20: Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers (H03F3/26 - H03F3/30 take precedence) - H04R 7/04: Plane diaphragms - H04R 17/00: Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers (piezoelectric or electrostrictive elements in general H10N30/00; details of piezoelectric or electrostrictive motors, generators or positioners {H10N30/00}) - H04R 19/005: {using semiconductor materials} - H04R 19/02: Loudspeakers (H04R19/01 takes precedence) - H03F 2200/03: the amplifier being designed for audio applications - H03F 2200/102: A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit - H04R 1/227: {using transducers reproducing the same frequency band} - H04R 3/12: for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers {(specially adapted for hearing aids H04R25/407)} - H04R 2201/003: Mems transducers or their use - H04R 2201/401: 2D or 3D arrays of transducers - H04R 2217/03: Parametric transducers where sound is generated or captured by the acoustic demodulation of amplitude modulated ultrasonic waves - H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K) - G10K: SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - H03F: AMPLIFIERS ## Abstract A sound producing apparatus is provided. The sound producing apparatus includes a driving circuit, configured to generate a driving signal according to an input audio signal; and a sound producing device; wherein the sound producing device is driven by the driving signal, such that the sound producing device produces a plurality of air pulses at an air pulse rate, the air pulse rate is higher than a maximum human audible frequency; wherein the plurality of air pulses produces a non-zero offset in terms of sound pressure level, and the non-zero offset is a deviation from a zero sound pressure level; wherein the driving signal driving the sound producing device to produce the plurality of air pulses, is unipolar with respect to a first voltage. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A sound producing apparatus (10), comprising: a driving circuit (12), configured to generate a driving signal according to an input audio signal; and a sound producing device (14); wherein the sound producing device is driven by the driving signal, such that the sound producing device produces a plurality of air pulses at an air pulse rate, and the air pulse rate is higher than a maximum human audible frequency; wherein the plurality of air pulses produces a non-zero offset in terms of sound pressure level, and the non-zero offset is a deviation from a zero sound pressure level; wherein the driving signal driving the sound producing device to produce the plurality of air pulses, is unipolar with respect to a first voltage. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of air pulses is aperiodic over a plurality of pulse cycles. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit generates a plurality of boosted pulses according to the input audio signal, and the driving circuit generates the driving signal according to the plurality of boosted pulses, such that the driving signal is unipolar with respect to the first voltage. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit generates a plurality of swing-deducted pulses according to the input audio signal, and the driving circuit generates the driving signal according to the plurality of swing-deducted pulses, such that the driving signal is unipolar with respect to the first voltage. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The sound producing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driving circuit generates a first swing-deducted pulse, and the first swing-deducted pulse initiates at a first envelope value of an envelope of the input audio signal corresponding to a first time and reaches a peak of a first boosted pulse within a first pulse cycle, and a first pulse swing of the first swing-deducted pulse is a difference between the first envelope value and the peak of the first boosted pulse. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The sound producing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the driving circuit generates a first swing-deducted pulse, and the first swing-deducted pulse initiates at the first voltage, and a first pulse swing of the first swing-deducted pulse is a difference between a first envelope value of an envelope of the input audio signal corresponding to a first time and a peak of a first boosted pulse. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit (42) comprises: a modulation module (420), configured to generate a modulated signal according to the input audio signal, wherein the modulated signal comprises a plurality of modulated pulses; and a boosting module (422), configured to generate a plurality of boosted pulses according to the plurality of modulated pulses; wherein the driving circuit (42) generates the driving signal (d) according to the plurality of boosted pulses, such that the driving signal (d) is unipolar with respect to the reference voltage. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The sound producing apparatus of claim 7, wherein the boosting module (422) generates a plurality of boosting pulses, and adds the plurality of boosting pulses on the plurality of modulated pulses, so as to generate the plurality of boosted pulses. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The sound producing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the plurality of boosting pulses has a constant pulse height over a plurality of pulse cycles. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The sound producing apparatus of claim 7, wherein the driving circuit comprises: a power reduction module (626), coupled to the boosting module (422), configured to generate a plurality of swing-deducted pulses according to the plurality of boosted pulses; wherein the driving circuit generates the driving signal (d) according to the plurality of swing-deducted pulses. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The sound producing apparatus of claim 10, wherein the power reduction module comprises: an envelope detection sub-module, receiving the input audio signal, configured to generate an envelope of the input audio signal; and a swing deduction sub-module, coupled to the boosting module (622) and the envelope detection sub-module to receive the plurality of boosted pulses and the envelope of the input audio signal, configured to generate a plurality of swing-deducted pulses according to the plurality of boosted pulses and the envelope. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The sound producing apparatus of claim 11, wherein the envelope detection sub-module generates a first swing-deducted pulse according to a first boosted pulse and the envelope, and the first swing-deducted pulse and the first boosted pulse are corresponding to a first time. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The sound producing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the swing deduction sub-module generates the first swing-deducted pulse, such that the first swing-deducted pulse initiates at a first envelope value of the envelope corresponding to the first time and reaches a peak of the first boosted pulse within a first pulse cycle, and a first pulse swing of the first swing-deducted pulse is a difference between the first envelope value and the peak of the first boosted pulse. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The sound producing apparatus of claim 12, wherein the swing deduction sub-module generates the first swing-deducted pulse, such that the first swing-deducted pulse initiates at the first voltage, and a first pulse swing of the first swing-deducted pulse is a difference between t a first envelope value of the envelope corresponding to the first time and a peak of the first boosted pulse. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit comprises: a power amplifier, configured to generate the driving signal. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The sound producing apparatus of claim 15, wherein the driving circuit further comprises: a compensating module, coupled to the power amplifier, configured to generate a compensated signal for the power amplifier, such that the power amplifier generates the driving signal according to the compensated signal. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The sound producing apparatus of claim 15, wherein the driving circuit further comprises a power supply adapting module (74), configured to provide a power supply (Vsupply) for the power amplifier, and the power supply (Vsupply) for the power amplifier is time varying. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The sound producing apparatus of claim 17, wherein the driving circuit generates a plurality of swing-deducted pulses, and the power supply adapting module generates the power supply according to an envelope of the plurality of swing-deducted pulses. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The sound producing apparatus of claim 17, wherein the driving circuit comprises: an envelope detection sub-module, configured to obtain the envelope of the plurality of swing-deducted pulses; and a power circuit, configured to generate the power supply for the power amplifier according to the envelope of the plurality of swing-deducted pulse. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sound producing device comprises a plurality of membranes, the plurality of membranes are grouped into a plurality of groups, the driving circuit generates a plurality of driving signals, the plurality of driving signals is unipolar and configured to drive the plurality of groups, the plurality of groups produces a plurality of pulse arrays, and the plurality of pulse arrays is mutually interleaved. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sound producing device comprises a membrane and an actuator, and the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The sound producing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sound producing device comprises a membrane and an actuator, and the actuator is a nanoscopic electrostatic drive (NED) actuator.