# US 10,771,073 B2 · Frequency synthesizer with dynamically selected level shifting of the oscillating output signal > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,771,073 B2 - Document ID: US10771073B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/696,247 - Filed: 2019-11-26 - Published: 2020-06-11 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2018-12-10 - Assignees: STMicroelectronics International N.V. - Applicants: STMicroelectronics International N.V. - Inventors: Nitin Gupta - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10771073B2 ## CPC - H03L 7/0995: {the oscillator comprising a ring oscillator} - H03L 7/08: Details of the phase-locked loop - H03L 7/087: using at least two phase detectors or a frequency and phase detector in the loop - H03L 7/101: {using an additional control signal to the controlled loop oscillator derived from a signal generated in the loop (H03L7/113, H03L7/187 take precedence)} - H03L 7/18: using a frequency divider or counter in the loop (H03L7/20, H03L7/22 take precedence) - H03L: AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES (generation of oscillations H03B) ## Abstract An oscillator circuit powered by a source voltage generates an oscillating output signal. The oscillating output signal is level shifted and applied to a first input of a multiplexer. A second input of the multiplexer receives the oscillating output signal. The multiplexer selects one of the oscillating output signal and the level shifted oscillating output signal for output as a selected oscillating output signal in response to a select signal. A locked loop circuit generates controls a frequency of the oscillating output signal as a function of the selected oscillating output signal and a reference oscillating signal. The select signal further selects one of a reference voltage and the source voltage of the oscillator circuit as an error amplifier reference voltage for a voltage regulator circuit that generates the first power supply voltage. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A circuit, comprising: an oscillator circuit powered at a source voltage and configured to generate an oscillating output signal with an amplitude at a level of the source voltage; a first level shifter circuit powered by a first power supply voltage and configured to level shift the oscillating output signal to generate a level shifted oscillating output signal; a first multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive the oscillating output signal and a second input configured to receive the level shifted oscillating output signal, wherein the first multiplexer circuit selects one of the oscillating output signal and the level shifted oscillating output signal for output as a selected oscillating output signal; a locked loop circuit configured to control a frequency of the oscillating output signal as a function of the selected oscillating output signal and a reference oscillating signal; and a first voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the first power supply voltage using the source voltage as an error amplifier reference voltage. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein the locked loop circuit comprises: a divider circuit configured to divide the selected oscillating output signal to generate a feedback oscillating signal; and a phase-frequency comparator configured to compare the feedback oscillating signal to the reference oscillating signal and generate an error signal; wherein the frequency of the oscillating output signal is set as a function of the error signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The circuit of claim 2, wherein the divider circuit is powered by the first power supply voltage and wherein the phase-frequency comparator is powered by a second power supply voltage, the first power supply voltage being less than the second power supply voltage. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The circuit of claim 3, further comprising a second voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the second power supply voltage using a reference voltage as an error amplifier reference voltage. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4, wherein the reference voltage is a bandgap voltage. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The circuit of claim 4, further comprising a second multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive the reference voltage and a second input configured to receive the source voltage of the oscillator circuit, wherein the second multiplexer circuit selects one of the reference voltage and the source voltage of the oscillator circuit for output as the error amplifier reference voltage of the first voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The circuit of claim 6, further comprising a control circuit configured to generate a selection signal applied to selection inputs of the first and second multiplexer circuits, said selection signal having: a first logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the level shifted oscillating output signal and causing the second multiplexer circuit to simultaneously select the reference voltage; and a second logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the oscillating output signal and causing the second multiplexer circuit to simultaneously select the source voltage. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the control circuit comprises a lock detect circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to detection of a lock condition of the output oscillating signal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The circuit of claim 8, wherein the lock condition is a coarse lock of phase-frequency between the feedback oscillating signal and the reference oscillating signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the control circuit comprises a calibration circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of a calibration operation. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The circuit of claim 7, wherein the control circuit comprises an initialization circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of an initialization operation. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The circuit of claim 11, wherein the initialization operation is a start-up operation. ### Claim 13 (depends on 3) The circuit of claim 3, further comprising a second level shifter configured to level shift the feedback oscillating signal from the first power supply voltage to the second power supply voltage. ### Claim 14 (depends on 3) The circuit of claim 3, further comprising a voltage-to-current conversion circuit configured to convert a control voltage derived from the error signal to a current from which the source voltage of the oscillator circuit is generated. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The circuit of claim 14, wherein the voltage-to-current conversion circuit is powered from the second power supply voltage. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The circuit of claim 1, wherein the error amplifier reference voltage is scaled from the source voltage. ### Claim 17 A circuit, comprising: an oscillator circuit powered at a source voltage and configured to generate an oscillating output signal with an amplitude at a level of the source voltage; a divider circuit powered by a first power supply voltage and configured to divide the oscillating output signal to generate a feedback oscillating signal; a phase-frequency comparator powered by a second power supply voltage and configured to compare the feedback oscillating signal to the reference oscillating signal and generate an error signal; a current source circuit configured to generate a current in response to the error signal, wherein the source voltage of the oscillator circuit is generated in response to said current and wherein a frequency of the oscillating output signal is controlled by said current; a first voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the first power supply voltage using the source voltage of the oscillator circuit as a first error amplifier reference voltage; and a second voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the second power supply voltage using a reference voltage as a second error amplifier reference voltage. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, wherein the current source circuit is powered from the second power supply voltage. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, wherein the reference voltage is a bandgap voltage. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, further comprising: a first level shifter circuit powered by the first power supply voltage and configured to level shift the oscillating output signal to generate a level shifted oscillating output signal; and a first multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive the oscillating output signal and a second input configured to receive the level shifted oscillating output signal, wherein the first multiplexer circuit selects one of the oscillating output signal and the level shifted oscillating output signal for output as a selected oscillating output signal from which the divider circuit generates the feedback oscillating signal. ### Claim 21 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, further comprising a control circuit configured to generate a selection signal applied to a selection input of the first multiplexer circuit, said selection signal having: a first logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the level shifted oscillating output signal; and a second logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the oscillating output signal. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The circuit of claim 21, wherein the control circuit comprises a lock detect circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to detection of a lock condition of the oscillating output signal. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The circuit of claim 22, wherein the lock condition is a coarse lock of phase-frequency between the feedback oscillating signal and the reference oscillating signal. ### Claim 24 (depends on 21) The circuit of claim 21, wherein the control circuit comprises a calibration circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of a calibration operation. ### Claim 25 (depends on 21) The circuit of claim 21, wherein the control circuit comprises an initialization circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of an initialization operation. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) The circuit of claim 25, wherein the initialization operation is a start-up operation. ### Claim 27 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, further comprising a second multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive the reference voltage and a second input configured to receive the source voltage of the oscillator circuit, wherein the second multiplexer circuit selects one of the reference voltage and the source voltage of the oscillator circuit for output as the first error amplifier reference voltage of the first voltage regulator circuit. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The circuit of claim 27, further comprising a control circuit configured to generate a selection signal applied to a selection input of the second multiplexer circuit, said selection signal having: a first logic state for causing the second multiplexer circuit to select the reference voltage; and a second logic state for causing the second multiplexer circuit to select the source voltage. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The circuit of claim 28, wherein the control circuit comprises a lock detect circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to detection of a lock condition. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The circuit of claim 29, wherein the lock condition is a coarse lock of phase-frequency between the feedback oscillating signal and the reference oscillating signal. ### Claim 31 (depends on 28) The circuit of claim 28, wherein the control circuit comprises a calibration circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of a calibration operation. ### Claim 32 (depends on 28) The circuit of claim 28, wherein the control circuit comprises an initialization circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of an initialization operation. ### Claim 33 (depends on 32) The circuit of claim 32, wherein the initialization operation is a start-up operation. ### Claim 34 (depends on 17) The circuit of claim 17, wherein the first error amplifier reference voltage is scaled from the source voltage. ### Claim 35 A circuit, comprising: an oscillator circuit powered at a source voltage and configured to generate an oscillating output signal with an amplitude at a level of the source voltage; a divider circuit powered by a first power supply voltage and configured to divide the oscillating output signal to generate a feedback oscillating signal; a phase-frequency comparator powered by a second power supply voltage and configured to compare the feedback oscillating signal to the reference oscillating signal and generate an error signal; a current source circuit configured to generate a current in response to the error signal, wherein the source voltage of the oscillator circuit is generated in response to said current and wherein a frequency of the oscillating output signal is controlled by said current; a first multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive a reference voltage and a second input configured to receive the source voltage of the oscillator circuit, wherein the first multiplexer circuit selects one of the reference voltage and the source voltage of the oscillator circuit for output as a selected reference voltage; a first voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the first power supply voltage using the selected reference voltage as a first error amplifier reference voltage; and a second voltage regulator circuit configured to generate the second power supply voltage using the reference voltage as a second error amplifier reference voltage. ### Claim 36 (depends on 35) The circuit of claim 35, wherein the current source circuit is powered from the second power supply voltage. ### Claim 37 (depends on 35) The circuit of claim 35, wherein the reference voltage is a bandgap voltage. ### Claim 38 (depends on 35) The circuit of claim 35, further comprising a control circuit configured to generate a selection signal applied to a selection input of the first multiplexer circuit, said selection signal having: a first logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the reference voltage; and a second logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the source voltage. ### Claim 39 (depends on 35) The circuit of claim 35, further comprising: a level shifter circuit powered by the first power supply voltage and configured to level shift the oscillating output signal to generate a level shifted oscillating output signal; and a second multiplexer circuit having a first input configured to receive the oscillating output signal and a second input configured to receive the level shifted oscillating output signal, wherein the second multiplexer circuit selects one of the oscillating output signal and the level shifted oscillating output signal for output as a selected oscillating output signal from which the divider circuit generates the feedback oscillating signal. ### Claim 40 (depends on 39) The circuit of claim 39, further comprising a control circuit configured to generate a selection signal applied to selection inputs of the first and second multiplexer circuits, said selection signal having: a first logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the reference voltage and causing the second multiplexer circuit to simultaneously select the level shifted oscillating output signal; and a second logic state for causing the first multiplexer circuit to select the source voltage and causing the second multiplexer circuit to simultaneously select the oscillating output signal. ### Claim 41 (depends on 40) The circuit of claim 40, wherein the control circuit comprises a lock detect circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to detection of a lock condition. ### Claim 42 (depends on 40) The circuit of claim 40, wherein the control circuit comprises a calibration circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of a calibration operation. ### Claim 43 (depends on 40) The circuit of claim 40, wherein the control circuit comprises an initialization circuit which causes the selection signal to transition from the first logic state to the second logic state in response to completion of an initialization operation.