# US 10,770,953 B2 · Liquid cooled stator for high efficiency machine > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,770,953 B2 - Document ID: US10770953B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 13/855,801 - Filed: 2013-04-03 - Published: 2014-10-09 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2013-04-03 - Assignees: Lcdrives Corp. - Applicants: LCDrives Corp. - Inventors: Russel Hugh Marvin - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10770953B2 ## CPC - H02K 3/24: with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors - H02K 9/197: in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator - Y10T 29/49009: Dynamoelectric machine - H02K: DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (dynamo-electric relays H01H53/00; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power {H03K3/53}) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A rotary electric machine includes a stator having a circumferentially spaced series of axially extending teeth defining winding slots therebetween. Stator windings are at least partially disposed in each winding slot and electrically connected to form a plurality of phases. One or more slots contain the same magnitude of current at substantially all times for each phase. Structure defines a plurality of elongated coolant passageways disposed in each winding slot. A subset of the coolant passageways contained in the slots for a single phase is an even number. Fluid flows in one direction for half of the subset of coolant passageways and in the opposite direction for the other half of the subset of coolant passageways. At least two of the coolant passageways in the machine are fluidly connected in parallel. At least one of the coolant passageways is located circumferentially between two windings in the same slot. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A rotary electric machine comprising: a stator having a circumferentially spaced series of axially extending teeth defining a similar series of circumferentially spaced winding slots therebetween, said teeth being releasably connected to the stator; a plurality of stator windings at least partially disposed in each winding slot, said windings being electrically connected to form a plurality of phases wherein one or more slots contain the same magnitude of peak current for each phase; structure defining a plurality of elongated coolant passageways disposed in each winding slot and external to the windings; at least some of said coolant passageways being formed by a plurality of adjacent structures fluidly connected together at only one end of the machine; a compressible insulating layer extending between the structure and the windings in each slot and having an interface with only a portion of the periphery of each winding in the slot; and a resin extending around the insulating layers and formed from a material different from the material of the insulating layers. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of the coolant passageways is located circumferentially between two windings in the same slot. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein said coolant passageways are constructed of an electrically conductive material. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein said coolant passageways are attached to a manifold using a brazed connection. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein said slots each have the same number of coolant passageways extending in one direction as are extending in the opposite direction. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of said coolant passageways is located circumferentially between one of the windings and one of the teeth. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least two of the coolant passageways have different axial cross-sections from one another. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 7 wherein the coolant passageways are radially aligned with one another and increase in size in the radially outward direction. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1 further comprising a manifold for fluidly connecting at least four coolant passageways within the same winding slot. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein the compressible insulating layer is formed from silicon rubber. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein the stator windings have a diamond shaped coil. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein the at least one stator winding comprises rectangular wire formed in multiple turns with each turn having a width extending in a radial direction of the stator and a thickness greater than the width extending circumferentially. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein each tooth includes a pair of tips extending circumferentially and helping to retain the structure defining the coolant passageways within the winding slot. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein retention features secure the teeth to an outside lamination of the stator and prevent inward radial movement of the teeth relative to the stator. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein the compressible insulating member is positioned substantially entirely within the winding slot. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein the space circumferentially between the structure and the windings is free of resin within the winding slot. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein each compressible insulating layer extends around and engages the respective structure in the winding slot. ### Claim 18 A rotary electric machine comprising: a stator having a circumferentially spaced series of axially extending teeth defining a similar series of circumferentially spaced winding slots therebetween, said teeth being releasably connected to the stator; a plurality of stator windings at least partially disposed in each winding slot, the windings being electrically connected to form a plurality of phases, at least one stator winding comprising rectangular wire formed in multiple turns with each turn having a width extending in a radial direction of the stator and a thickness greater than the width extending circumferentially; structure defining an even number of elongated coolant passageways disposed in at least one winding slot circumferentially between two windings in the winding slot with the width of the rectangular wire in the slot being adjacent the structure, fluid flowing in one direction for half of the coolant passageways and in the opposite direction for the other half of the coolant passageways; and a compressible insulating layer extending between the structure and the windings in each slot and having an interface with only a portion of the periphery of each winding in the slot. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18 wherein electrical paths through the windings are different from the fluid flows paths through the coolant passageways. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18 wherein in each of a plurality of winding slots a turnaround is provided for fluidly connecting coolant passageways in the same slot and in which fluid flows in opposite directions. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18 further comprising a resin extending around the insulating layers and formed from a material different from the material of the insulating layers. ### Claim 22 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18, wherein the structure defining the coolant passageways is external to the windings. ### Claim 23 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18, wherein the stator windings have a diamond shaped coil. ### Claim 24 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18, wherein each tooth includes a pair of tips extending circumferentially and helping to retain the structure defining the coolant passageways within the winding slot. ### Claim 25 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18, wherein each turn of the rectangular wire in one of the windings is spaced the same distance from the cooling structure. ### Claim 26 (depends on 18) A rotary electric machine as set forth in claim 18, wherein each compressible insulating layer extends around and engages the respective structure in the winding slot. ### Claim 27 A rotary electric machine comprising: a stator having a circumferentially spaced series of axially extending teeth defining a similar series of circumferentially spaced winding slots therebetween, said teeth being releasably connected to the stator; a plurality of stator windings at least partially disposed in each winding slot, said windings being electrically connected to form a plurality of phases with at least a portion of the winding slots having only one phase of windings therein, at least one of the stator windings comprising rectangular wire formed in multiple turns with each turn having a width extending in a radial direction of the stator and a thickness greater than the width extending circumferentially; structure defining a plurality of elongated coolant passageways disposed in each winding slot; a silicon rubber, compressible insulating layer wrapped around and engaging each structure; and a resin extending around the insulating layers and formed from a material different from the material of the insulating layers, the space circumferentially between the structure and the windings being free of resin within the winding slot. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The rotary electric machine recited in claim 27, wherein the windings are distributed wound around the teeth. ### Claim 29 A rotary electric machine comprising: a stator having a circumferentially spaced series of axially extending teeth defining a similar series of circumferentially spaced winding slots therebetween, said teeth being releasably connected to the stator; a plurality of stator windings at least partially disposed in each winding slot, said windings being electrically connected to form a plurality of phases wherein one or more slots contain the same magnitude of peak current for each phase; structure defining a plurality of elongated coolant passageways disposed in each winding slot and external to the windings, wherein coolant passageways in winding slots in one of the plurality of phases are not fluidly connected in series with coolant passageways in winding slots in another of the plurality of phases; and at least some of said coolant passageways being formed by a plurality of adjacent structures fluidly connected together at only one end of the machine.