# US 10,770,775 B2 · Radial combiner > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,770,775 B2 - Document ID: US10770775B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/003,910 - Filed: 2018-06-08 - Published: 2019-12-12 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2018-06-08 - Assignees: Saab Defense and Security USA LLC T/A Sensor System - Applicants: SAAB Defense and Security USA LLC t/a Sensor System - Inventors: Richard Kinsey - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10770775B2 ## CPC - H01P 5/103: Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions - H01P 5/16: Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port - H01P 3/06: Coaxial lines - H01P 3/12: Hollow waveguides (H01P3/20 takes precedence) - H01P 5/12: Coupling devices having more than two ports (H01P5/04 takes precedence) - H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B) ## Abstract Systems and methods of use for a radial combiner. The radial combiner is made of a radial cavity defined by a top plate, a bottom plate, an outside wall connecting the top plate and the bottom plate, and an interior of the radial waveguide cavity located between the top plate, the bottom plate, and the outside wall with a substantially uniform height throughout. Inside the radial cavity are multiple monopole radiators, while outside the radial cavity multiple coaxial ports are mounted on one of the top plate or the bottom plate. Each of the coaxial ports are electrically connected to a corresponding monopole radiator inside the cavity. The radial combiner also contains a center conductor which is located in the center of the radial cavity, and transitions to a coaxial waveguide which is exterior to the cavity. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A radial combiner, comprising: a radial waveguide cavity defined by: a top plate having a circular cross-section and a metallic composition; a bottom plate having a circular cross-section, a metallic composition, and being situated substantially parallel to the top plate; an outside wall connecting the top plate and the bottom plate along a circumference of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate; and an interior of the radial waveguide cavity located between the top plate, the bottom plate, and the outside wall with a substantially uniform height throughout; a plurality of monopole radiators located within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity; a plurality of coaxial ports mounted on one of the top plate or the bottom plate, mounted exterior to the radial waveguide cavity, and substantially equally spaced towards a periphery of the radial waveguide cavity, each coaxial port in the plurality of coaxial ports: being mounted so as to be normal relative to the top plate or the bottom plate; and having a coaxial center conductor which extends through a hole in one of the top plate and the bottom plate, the coaxial center conductor of each coaxial port being electrically connected to one of the respective monopole radiators for each coaxial port within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity; and a center conductor, wherein the center conductor: is located substantially at a center of the interior of the radial waveguide cavity; is positioned so as to be normal relative to the top plate or the bottom plate; extends within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity between the top plate and the bottom plate; transitions, on a first side of the interior, to a coaxial waveguide located exterior to the radial waveguide cavity; and terminates on a second side of the interior which is opposite the first side. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein the substantially uniform height of the interior of the radial waveguide cavity only supports a dominant Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) radial mode for a band of interest. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The radial combiner of claim 2, wherein each respective monopole radiator is shaped to match an impedance required for the dominant TEM radial mode. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The radial combiner of claim 2, wherein the conically shaped dome and the center conductor transform the dominant TEM radial mode to or from the coaxial waveguide. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein the lack of a dielectric includes a lack of internal walls, baffles, and other additional metallic material within the interior. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein the coaxial waveguide outputs to a rectangular waveguide. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein the interior lacks a dielectric. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein all of the coaxial ports and all of the monopole radiators are mounted on either the top plate or the bottom plate. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein a conically shaped dome of the transition and all of the monopole radiators are mounted on either the top plate or the bottom plate. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein either the top plate or the bottom plate includes a hole located substantially at a center of the top plate or the bottom plate, and the center conductor extends through the hole to an exterior of the radial waveguide cavity, the exterior being the coaxial waveguide. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein all of the monopole radiators are mounted on either the top plate or the bottom plate, and the other one of the top plate or the bottom plate includes a hole located substantially at a center of the top plate or the bottom plate. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The radial combiner of claim 1, wherein the coaxial waveguide comprises a plurality of steps, each subsequent step in the plurality of steps expanding a cavity of the coaxial waveguide when compared to a previous step in the plurality of steps. ### Claim 13 A method comprising: receiving a plurality of first signals at a plurality of coaxial ports equally spaced towards a periphery of a radial waveguide; and combining the plurality of first signals using a microwave combiner, wherein the microwave combiner comprises: a radial waveguide cavity defined by: a top plate having a circular cross-section and a metallic composition; a bottom plate having a circular cross-section, a metallic composition, and being situated substantially parallel to the top plate; an outside wall connecting the top plate and the bottom plate along a circumference of at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate; and an interior of the radial waveguide cavity located between the top plate, the bottom plate, and the outside wall with a substantially uniform height throughout; a plurality of monopole radiators located within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity, wherein the plurality of coaxial ports are mounted on one of the top plate or the bottom plate, mounted exterior to the radial waveguide cavity, and substantially equally spaced towards the periphery of the radial waveguide cavity, wherein each coaxial port in the plurality of coaxial ports: is mounted so as to be positioned normal relative to the top plate or the bottom plate; and is a coaxial center conductor which extends through a hole in one of the top plate and the bottom plate, the coaxial center conductor of each coaxial port being electrically connected to one of the respective monopole radiators for each coaxial port within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity; and a center conductor, wherein the center conductor: is located substantially at a center of the interior of the radial waveguide cavity; is positioned so as to be normal relative to the top plate or the bottom plate; extends within the interior of the radial waveguide cavity between the top plate and the bottom plate; transitions, on a first side of the interior, to a coaxial waveguide located exterior to the radial waveguide cavity; and terminates on a second side of the interior which is opposite the first side. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein the substantially uniform height of the interior of the radial waveguide cavity only supports a dominant Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) radial mode for a band of interest. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein each respective monopole radiator is shaped to match an impedance required for the dominant TEM radial mode. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein a conically shaped dome and the center conductor transform the dominant TEM radial mode to or from the coaxial waveguide. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein the lack of a dielectric includes a lack of internal walls, baffles, and other additional metallic material within the interior. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, the coaxial waveguide outputs to a rectangular waveguide. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, the coaxial waveguide ending in a coaxial port. ### Claim 20 A radial combiner, comprising: a hollow cylindrical cavity, wherein the hollow cylindrical cavity: is metallic; is defined by a first plate as a top of the hollow cylindrical cavity, a second plate as a top of the hollow cylindrical cavity, and an outside wall as a side of the hollow cylindrical cavity, the first plate being substantially parallel to the second plate; and has a substantially uniform height between the first plate and the second plate; a plurality of coaxial ports mounted exterior to the hollow cylindrical cavity and on either one of the first plate or the second plate; a plurality of monopole radiators substantially equally spaced around a circle and attached to an interior of one of the first plate or the second plate, each monopole radiator being electrically connected respectively to one of the plurality of coaxial ports using a coaxial center conductor extending through a hole in the one of the first plate or the second plate; and a center conductor, wherein the center conductor: is located substantially at a center of an interior of the hollow cylindrical waveguide cavity; is positioned so as to be normal relative to the first plate or the second plate; extends within the interior of the hollow cylindrical cavity between the first plate and the second plate; transitions, on a first side of the interior, to a coaxial waveguide located exterior to the hollow cylindrical cavity; and terminates, on a second side of the interior which is opposite the first side.