# US 10,770,715 B2 · High capacity primary lithium cells and methods of making thereof

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- Number: US 10,770,715 B2
- Document ID: US10770715B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/021,138
- Filed: 2018-06-28
- Published: 2020-01-02
- Granted: 2020-09-08
- Earliest claimed: 2018-06-28
- Assignees: Tadiran Batteries Ltd.
- Applicants: Tadiran Batteries Ltd.
- Inventors: Herzel Yamin
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10770715B2

## CPC

- H01M 4/12: of consumable metal or alloy electrodes (use of alloy compositions as active materials H01M4/38)
- H01M 4/06: Electrodes for primary cells
- H01M 4/364: {as mixtures}
- H01M 4/368: {Liquid depolarisers}
- H01M 4/382: {Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/483: {for non-aqueous cells (H01M4/485 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/502: {for non-aqueous cells (H01M4/505 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/523: {for non-aqueous cells (H01M4/525 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
- H01M 4/5835: {Comprising fluorine or fluoride salts}
- H01M 6/164: {by the solvent}
- H01M 6/166: {by the solute}
- H01M 8/0202: Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M 10/0459: {Cells or batteries with folded separator between plate-like electrodes}
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

A high capacity primary electrochemical lithium cell includes an anode comprising metallic lithium, a hybrid cathode comprising a liquid SO2 cathode and a solid cathode including a cathode material characterized by having a first electromotive force (EMF) when coupled to a metallic lithium anode. The first EMF is greater than a second EMF of a cell having a metallic lithium anode and a liquid SO2 cathode. A separator may separate the anode from the solid cathode. The cell includes an electrolyte solution including at least one ionizable salt dissolved in at least one organic solvent. The solid cathode material may include carbon monofluoride (CFX), a transition metal oxide, a mixture of two or more transition metal oxides or any combinations of such cathode materials. The solid cathode may also include a binder and a carbon based conductive material.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A primary electrochemical lithium cell, comprising:
an anode comprising metallic lithium therein;
a cathode comprising a current collector and both a liquid SO2 cathode and a solid cathode which comprises a cathode material characterized by having a first electromotive force (EMF) when coupled to a metallic lithium anode, the first EMF is greater than a second EMF of a cell having a metallic lithium anode and a single liquid SO2 cathode;
an electrolyte solution comprising at least one ionizable salt dissolved in at least one organic solvent; and
a separator disposed between the anode and the solid cathode of the cell.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the second EMF is in the range of 2.9-3.1 Volt.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the cathode material of the solid cathode is selected from, carbon monofluoride (CFX), a transition metal oxide, a mixture of two or more transition metal oxides and any combinations thereof.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The primary cell according to claim 3, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the list consisting of MnO2, CoO2, NiO2, V2O5.

### Claim 5 (depends on 3)

The primary cell according to claim 3, wherein the solid cathode comprises a mixture of CFX with one or more transition metal oxides, and wherein the weight of the CFX is in the range of 10%-45% of the total weight of the cathode material of the solid cathode.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The primary cell according to claim 3, wherein the solid cathode material comprises CFX and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 7 (depends on 3)

The primary cell according to claim 3, wherein the solid cathode material comprises a mixture of CFX and MnO2 and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 8 (depends on 3)

The primary cell according to claim 3, wherein the solid cathode material comprises MnO2 and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the at least one ionizable salt is selected from LiBr, LiClO4 and any combination thereof.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the at least one organic solvent is Acetonitrile (AN).

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the cell is selected from a “Jelly Roll” type cell, a wafer type cell, a bobbin type cell and a prismatic type cell.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The primary cell according to claim 1, wherein the first EMF is in the range of 3.0-4.5 Volt.

### Claim 13

A method for constructing a primary electrochemical cell, the method comprising the steps of:
providing an anode including a current collector and metallic lithium;
providing a cathode including a current collector and both a liquid SO2 cathode and a cathode material which comprises a solid material characterized by having a first electromotive force (EMF) when coupled to a metallic lithium anode, the first EMF is greater than a second EMF of a cell having a metallic lithium anode and a single liquid SO2 cathode;
inserting the anode and the cathode with a separator interposed therebetween into a canister;
injecting into the canister under vacuum a mixture of liquid SO2, and an electrolyte solution comprising at least one ionizable salt and at least one organic solvent; and
hermetically sealing the cell after the step of injecting.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The method according to claim 13, wherein the second EMF is in the range of 2.9-3.1 Volt.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The method according to claim 14, wherein the cathode material of the solid cathode is selected from, carbon monofluoride (CFX), a transition metal oxide, a mixture of two or more transition metal oxides and any combinations thereof.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method according to claim 15, wherein the transition metal oxide is selected from the list consisting of MnO2, CoO2, NiO2, V2O5.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method according to claim 15, wherein the solid cathode material comprises CFX and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The method according to claim 15, wherein the solid cathode material comprises a mixture of CFX and MnO2 and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The method according to claim 15, wherein the solid cathode material comprises MnO2 and wherein the energy density of the primary cell exceeds 215 Wh/Kg and/or exceeds 395 Wh/liter.

### Claim 20 (depends on 13)

The method according to claim 13, wherein the first EMF is in the range of 3.0-4.5 Volt.