# US 10,770,111 B1 · Disk drive with efficient handling of off-track events during sequential write > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,770,111 B1 - Document ID: US10770111B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/589,113 - Filed: 2019-09-30 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2019-09-30 - Assignees: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba; Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation - Applicants: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba; Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation - Inventors: Fernando A. Zayas - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10770111B1 ## CPC - G11B 21/106: {on disks} - G11B 5/012: Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic disks (G11B17/00, G11B19/00 take precedence) - G11B 5/59688: {Servo signal format patterns or signal processing thereof, e.g. dual, tri, quad, burst signal patterns} - G11B 20/1217: {on discs} - G11B 20/1889: {with discs} - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract In a disk drive, when an off-track error occurs during a sequential disk access operation that spans multiple contiguous data tracks, efficient recovery is performed. In an embodiment, the disk access operation (e.g., reading from or writing to a disk) is attempted for all sectors of the sequential disk access operation. The disk access operation is then attempted again for sectors associated with any off-track errors that occurred during the disk access operation. In another embodiment, when an off-track error occurs during a sequential write operation in a shingled magnetic recording drive, the data originally targeted to be written to a first portion is written to a second portion of the data track that follows the first portion. Since no additional revolutions of the disk are needed for data associated with the sequential write operation to be written to the disk. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of writing data to a recording surface of a magnetic disk, the method comprising: moving a head to a first track on the recording surface to start a write operation on data including first data and second data that are sequential; controlling the head to write the first data to a first sector of the first track; controlling the head to write the second data to a first group of one or more sectors of the first track in a same revolution of the magnetic disk as when the first data was written, wherein the first group of one or more sectors is adjacent to the first sector; and upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing the second data to the first group of one or more sectors, controlling the head to write the second data to a second group of one or more sectors of the first track that is adjacent to the first group of one or more sectors in the same revolution of the magnetic disk as when the first data was written and the second data was written to the first group of one or more sectors. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the write operation comprises a write operation using shingled magnetic recording. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the write operation references at least one data sector in the first track and at least one data sector in a second track that is adjacent to the first data track. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the at least one data sector in the first track includes an end sector of the first track, the method further comprising: controlling the head to write fourth data to the end sector of the first track; and controlling the head to write fifth data to a first sector of the second track. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the fourth data and the fifth data are sequential in the write operation. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, wherein the first data track and the second data track are included in a shingled magnetic recording band on the recording surface. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, further comprising: controlling the head to write an initial portion of fourth data to a third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation; upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing a remaining portion of the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors, determining that a number of sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data is less than a number of sectors capable of storing the remaining portion of the fourth data; and writing a first portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to a conventional magnetic recording region of the recording surface. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising, prior to writing the first portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to the conventional magnetic recording region, writing a second portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data comprise the last remaining sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: controlling the head to write fourth data to a third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation; upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors, determining that a number of sectors associated with the off-track event that occurred while writing the fourth data to the third group is greater than a number of sectors available in a shingled magnetic recording band that includes the first track; and in response, controlling the head to write the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation. ### Claim 11 A disk drive comprising: a magnetic disk with a recording surface; a head configured to access the recording surface; and a controller configured to: move the head to a first track on the recording surface to start a write operation on data including first data and second data that are sequential; control the head to write the first data to a first sector of the first track; control the head to write the second data to a first group of one or more sectors of the first track in a same revolution of the magnetic disk as when the first data was written, wherein the first group of one or more sectors is adjacent to the first sector; and upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing the second data to the first group of one or more sectors, control the head to write the second data to a second group of one or more sectors of the first track that is adjacent to the first group of one or more sectors in the same revolution of the magnetic disk as when the first data was written and the second data was written to the first group of one or more sectors. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The disk drive of claim 11, wherein the write operation comprises a write operation using shingled magnetic recording. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The disk drive of claim 11, wherein the write operation references at least one data sector in the first track and at least one data sector in a second track that is adjacent to the first data track. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the at least one data sector in the first track includes an end sector of the first track, the method further comprising: controlling the head to write fourth data to the end sector of the first track; and controlling the head to write fifth data to a first sector of the second track. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The disk drive of claim 14, wherein the fourth data and the fifth data are sequential in the write operation. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the first data track and the second data track are included in a shingled magnetic recording band on the recording surface. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The disk drive of claim 16, wherein the controller is further configured to: control the head to write an initial portion of fourth data to a third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation; upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing a remaining portion of the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors, determine that a number of sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data is less than a number of sectors capable of storing the remaining portion of the fourth data; and write a first portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to a conventional magnetic recording region of the recording surface. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The disk drive of claim 17, wherein the controller is further configured to, prior to writing the first portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to the conventional magnetic recording region, write a second portion of the remaining portion of the fourth data to sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The disk drive of claim 18, wherein the sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data comprise the last remaining sectors in the shingled magnetic recording band available to store data. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The disk drive of claim 11, wherein the controller is further configured to: control the head to write fourth data to a third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation; upon detecting that an off-track event occurred while writing the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors, determine that a number of sectors associated with the off-track event that occurred while writing the fourth data to the third group is greater than a number of sectors available in a shingled magnetic recording band that includes the first track; and in response, control the head to write the fourth data to the third group of one or more sectors referenced in the write operation.