# US 10,770,110 B1 · Disk drive with efficient handling of off-track events during sequential write > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,770,110 B1 - Document ID: US10770110B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/589,103 - Filed: 2019-09-30 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2019-09-30 - Assignees: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba; Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation - Applicants: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba; Toshiba Electronic Devices & Storage Corporation - Inventors: Richard M. Ehrlich - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10770110B1 ## CPC - G11B 21/106: {on disks} - G11B 5/012: Recording on, or reproducing or erasing from, magnetic disks (G11B17/00, G11B19/00 take precedence) - G11B 5/59688: {Servo signal format patterns or signal processing thereof, e.g. dual, tri, quad, burst signal patterns} - G11B 20/1217: {on discs} - G11B 20/1889: {with discs} - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract In a disk drive, when an off-track error occurs during a sequential disk access operation that spans multiple contiguous data tracks, efficient recovery is performed. In an embodiment, the disk access operation (e.g., reading from or writing to a disk) is attempted for all sectors of the sequential disk access operation. The disk access operation is then attempted again for sectors associated with any off-track errors that occurred during the disk access operation. In another embodiment, when an off-track error occurs during a sequential write operation in a shingled magnetic recording drive, the data originally targeted to be written to a first portion is written to a second portion of the data track that follows the first portion. Since no additional revolutions of the disk are needed for data associated with the sequential write operation to be written to the disk. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of accessing a recording surface of a magnetic disk in a disk drive, the method comprising: moving a head to a first track to start a disk access operation; controlling the head to perform the disk access operation on one or more sectors of the first track beginning at a first sector of the first track; if there are any sectors in a second track to be written as part of the disk access operation after the head has performed the disk access operation on all sectors of the first track to be written as part of the disk access operation, determining whether or not an off-track event occurred while the head was performing the disk access operation on any of the sectors of the first track; and upon determining that the off-track event occurred while the head was performing the disk access operation on any of the sectors of the first track to be written as part of the disk access operation, moving the head to the second track and controlling the head to write sequentially to one or more sectors of the second track beginning at a first sector of the second track. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the disk access operation comprises one of a write operation using conventional magnetic recording, a read operation using conventional magnetic recording, or a read operation using shingled magnetic recording. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the disk access operation references data sectors in the first track and in the second track. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first track and the second track are adjacent to each other. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: controlling the head to perform the disk access operation on a final sector of the disk access operation; upon controlling the head to perform the disk access operation on the final sector, moving the head to a data sector associated with the off-track event; and performing the disk access operation on the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein moving the head to the data sector associated with the off-track event comprises moving the head to a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein performing the disk access operation on the data sector associated with the off-track event comprises performing the disk access operation on a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, further comprising, prior to moving the head to the data sector associated with the off-track event, selecting a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein selecting the group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event comprises selecting the group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event from a plurality of groups of contiguous data sectors, wherein each group of contiguous data sectors is associated with a different off-track event that has occurred during the disk access operation. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first sector of the second track is circumferentially proximate an end sector of the first track. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the end sector of the first track is the last sector of the one or more sectors of the first track. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein moving the head to the first track to start the disk access operation comprises moving the head with a first actuator of the disk drive while a second actuator of the disk drive is in the process of moving another head to another track on another recording surface of the disk drive. ### Claim 13 A disk drive comprising: a magnetic disk with a recording surface; a head configured to access the recording surface; and a controller configured to: move the head to a first track to start a disk access operation; control the head to perform the disk access operation on one or more sectors of the first track beginning at a first sector of the first track; if there are any sectors in a second track to be written as part of the disk access operation after the head has performed the disk access operation on all sectors of the first track to be written as part of the disk access operation, determine whether or not an off-track event occurred while the head was performing the disk access operation on any of the sectors of the first track; and upon determining that the off-track event occurred while the head was performing the disk access operation on any of the sectors of the first track to be written as part of the disk access operation, moving the head to the second track and control the head to write sequentially to one or more sectors of the second track beginning at a first sector of the second track. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the disk access operation comprises one of a write operation using conventional magnetic recording, a read operation using conventional magnetic recording, or a read operation using shingled magnetic recording. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the disk access operation references data sectors in the first track and in the second track. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the first track and the second track are adjacent to each other. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The disk drive of claim 13, wherein the controller is further configured to: control the head to perform the disk access operation on a final sector of the disk access operation; upon controlling the head to perform the disk access operation on the final sector, move the head to a data sector associated with the off-track event; and perform the disk access operation on the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The disk drive of claim 17, wherein moving the head to the data sector associated with the off-track event comprises moving the head to a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The disk drive of claim 17, wherein performing the disk access operation on the data sector associated with the off-track event comprises performing the disk access operation on a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The disk drive of claim 17, wherein the controller is further configured to, prior to moving the head to the data sector associated with the off-track event, select a group of contiguous data sectors that is associated with the off-track event and includes the data sector associated with the off-track event.