# US 10,769,982 B2 · Alternate-logic head-to-head gate driver on array > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,769,982 B2 - Document ID: US10769982B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/234,127 - Filed: 2018-12-27 - Published: 2020-03-05 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2018-08-31 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Rungrot Kitsomboonloha; Szu-Hsien Lee - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10769982B2 ## CPC - G09G 3/20: for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix {no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters} - G09G 3/2092: {Details of a display terminals using a flat panel, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto (suitable for both CRT and flat panel G09G5/003; specific for a CRT G09G1/165)} - G09G 3/3266: Details of drivers for scan electrodes - G09G 3/3677: {suitable for active matrices only} - G11C 19/28: using semiconductor elements (G11C19/14, G11C19/36 take precedence) - G09G 2300/0408: Integration of the drivers onto the display substrate - G09G 2310/0286: Details of a shift registers arranged for use in a driving circuit - G09G 2310/0291: Details of output amplifiers or buffers arranged for use in a driving circuit - G09G 2310/08: Details of timing specific for flat panels, other than clock recovery - G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00) - G11C: STATIC STORES (semiconductor memory devices H10B) ## Abstract The disclosure is related to head-to-head (H2H) gate on arrays (GOA) for pixel-based displays that may have reduced dimensions. In the described embodiments, the H2H design with alternate logic may be used to drive groups of pixels (e.g., a pixel row or column) with a primary and a secondary driver, located in opposite ends of the bezel of the electronic device. In the alternate-logic design, a shared shift-register may be used to enable two rows or columns. Embodiments in which more than two rows or columns are controlled by a single shift register are also described. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electronic device comprising: a display comprising: a pixel array comprising a plurality of pixel groups; and gate on array circuitry comprising: a first driver configured to receive a first clock signal and a first gate-enable signal, and provide a first driving output to a first pixel group of the plurality of pixel groups; a second driver configured to receive a second clock signal and the first gate-enable signal, and provide a second driving output to a second pixel group of the plurality of pixel groups; a bootstrapping capacitor coupled to the first driver and the second driver, wherein the bootstrapping capacitor is configured to facilitate operations of the first driver and the second driver; and a first shift register configured to generate the first gate-enable signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein each pixel group of the plurality of pixel groups comprise a row of pixels. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first driver comprises a first gate driver output circuitry and the second driver comprises a second gate driver output circuitry. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The electronic device of claim 3, wherein each gate driver output circuitry comprises an n-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) output circuitry. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first driver comprises the bootstrapping capacitor, and wherein the bootstrapping capacitor is disposed between an output of the first driver and a transistor gate of a transistor of the first driver. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first shift register comprises a SET input and a RESET input, and wherein the first gate-enable signal comprises a high signal in response to the SET input receiving a high signal and the RESET input receiving a low signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first gate-enable signal is configured to drive the first driving output to the first clock signal and drive the second driving output to the second clock signal. ### Claim 8 A display comprising: a display portion comprising at least a first pixel row, a second pixel row, and a third pixel row; and a bezel disposed along a periphery of the display portion, wherein the bezel comprises a first bezel portion and a second bezel portion located on an opposite side of the bezel relative to the first bezel portion; first gate on array (GOA) circuitry disposed in the first bezel portion, wherein the first GOA circuitry comprises a first plurality of logic units, wherein at least a first logic unit of the first plurality of logic units is configured to drive the first pixel row; and second GOA circuitry disposed in the second bezel portion, wherein the second GOA circuitry comprises a second plurality of logic units, wherein at least a second logic unit of the second plurality of logic units is configured to drive the third pixel row, and wherein at least the first logic unit of the first GOA and at least the second logic unit of the second GOA are configured to drive the second pixel row. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The display of claim 8, wherein the first pixel row comprises a dummy pixel row. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The display of claim 8, wherein the at least the first logic unit of the first plurality of logic units comprises: a shift register; a primary driver configured to receive a first gate-enable signal from the shift register and generate a first driver output to the second pixel row; and a secondary driver configured to receive the first gate-enable signal from the shift register and generate a second driver output to the first pixel row. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The display of claim 10, wherein the primary driver comprises a respective bootstrapping capacitor disposed between an output of the primary driver and a gate of a transistor of the primary driver, wherein the at least the second logic unit of the second plurality of logic units comprises a second secondary driver, wherein the second secondary driver is configured to generate a third driver output to the second pixel row, and the second secondary driver does not comprise a bootstrapping capacitor. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The display of claim 10, wherein the at least the first logic unit of the first plurality of logic units comprises a SET input signal and a RESET input signal, and wherein the first gate-enable signal comprises a high signal in response to the SET input signal receiving a high signal and the RESET input signal receiving a low signal. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The display of claim 12, wherein the first plurality of logic units comprises a second logic unit configured to provide a carry output signal that is coupled to the SET input signal or the RESET input signal of the at least the first logic unit. ### Claim 14 A display comprising: a pixel array comprising a plurality of pixel rows; and a bezel disposed along a periphery of the pixel array, wherein the bezel comprises a first bezel portion that comprises a first bezel length; and first gate on array circuitry disposed in the first bezel portion, wherein the first gate on array circuitry comprises a plurality of logic units, wherein each logic unit of the plurality of logic units comprises a shift register coupled to a primary driver and a secondary driver; wherein the first bezel length comprises a gate on array length and the gate on array length comprises a percentage of the first bezel length that is smaller than a threshold percentage, and wherein at least one pixel row is coupled to a respective primary driver of the first gate on array circuitry and a respective secondary driver of a second gate on array circuitry. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The display of claim 14, comprising: a second bezel portion of the bezel disposed on an opposite side of the pixel array from the first bezel portion, wherein the second bezel portion comprises the first bezel length; and the second gate on array circuitry disposed in the second bezel portion, wherein the second gate on array circuitry comprises a second plurality of logic units, wherein each logic unit of the second plurality of logic units comprises a second shift register coupled to a second primary driver and a second secondary driver. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The display of claim 14, wherein each primary driver comprises a gate driver output circuitry, wherein the gate driver output circuitry comprises a first bootstrapping capacitor coupled to an output of the primary driver and a transistor gate of a pull-up transistor of the gate driver output circuitry. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The display of claim 14, wherein the first bezel length comprises a first metal bus length or a second metal bus length, or both. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The display of claim 14, wherein at least one logic unit of the plurality of logic units comprises a SET input and a RESET input. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The display of claim 18, wherein the plurality of logic units comprises a second logic unit configured to provide a carry output signal that is coupled to the SET input or the RESET input of the at least one logic unit. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The display of claim 14, wherein the threshold percentage comprises 60%. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first shift register is configured to output a first output signal comprising a gate enable signal, and output a second output signal comprising a complementary gate enable signal, to control the first and the second drivers.