# US 10,768,322 B2 · Analogous processing of modeled and measured marine survey data > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,768,322 B2 - Document ID: US10768322B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/181,753 - Filed: 2016-06-14 - Published: 2017-03-02 - Granted: 2020-09-08 - Earliest claimed: 2015-08-27 - Assignees: PGS Geophysical AS - Applicants: PGS Geophysical AS - Inventors: Ulf Peter Lindqvist; Lars Erik Magnus Bjornemo - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10768322B2 ## CPC - G01V 1/282: {Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms} - G01V 1/38: specially adapted for water-covered areas (G01V1/28 takes precedence) - G01V 3/083: {Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying} - G01V: GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS (means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons A63B29/02) ## Abstract Measured marine survey data can be processed analogously to modeled marine survey data analogously and a misfit can be calculated between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data. A model parameter in the modeled marine survey data can be updated based on the misfit. The model parameter can be a parameter of a subsurface location. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system, comprising: measured marine survey data; a measured data engine configured to process the measured marine survey data, wherein processing the measured marine survey data includes: noise independent processing of the measured marine survey data; and data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data; a modeled data engine configured to process modeled marine survey data analogously to the processing of the measured marine survey data to reduce a misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data that would otherwise be caused by processing the measured marine survey data without analogously processing the modeled marine survey data, wherein processing the modeled marine survey data includes: noise independent processing of the modeled marine survey data analogously to the noise independent processing of the measured marine survey data by the measured data engine; and data dependent or noise dependent processing of the modeled marine survey data analogously to the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data by the measured data engine; a parameter engine configured to: calculate the misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data; and update a model parameter in the modeled marine survey data based on the misfit, wherein the model parameter comprises a parameter of a subsurface location; and an imaging engine configured to produce a spatial distribution of the model parameter as a map of the subsurface location to better predict a nature or location of hydrocarbons associated with the subsurface location; wherein each of the engines comprises hardware as a physical component of the system that enables performance of recited functionality. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the measured data engine is configured to transfer information about the data dependent processing of the measured marine survey data to the modeled data engine; and wherein the modeled data engine is configured to process the modeled marine survey data using the information about the data dependent processing. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system of claim 2, wherein the information comprises a basis function used in a low-rank singular value decomposition reconstruction; and wherein the data dependent processing comprises an inversion. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The system of claim 2, wherein the information comprises data from auxiliary sensors; and wherein the modeled data engine is configured to model the modeled marine survey data based on a correlation between the auxiliary sensors and the measured marine survey data. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the measured data engine is configured to transfer information about the noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data to the modeled data engine; and wherein the modeled data engine is configured to generate modeled noise based on the information about the noise dependent processing prior to the processing of the modeled marine survey data. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system of claim 5, wherein the information about noise dependent processing comprises noise or a model parameter comprising a parameter of modeled noise from the noise dependent processing. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the parameter of the subsurface location comprises an elasto-mechanical property distribution or a resistivity distribution. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the parameter engine is configured to iteratively calculate the misfit and update the model parameter until the misfit is within a misfit threshold. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the modeled data engine is configured to: apply the noise independent processing of the modeled marine survey data without receiving information from the measured data engine; and apply the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the modeled marine survey data based on information about the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data. ### Claim 10 A method, comprising: noise independent processing of measured marine survey data by a machine; data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data by the machine; noise independent processing of modeled marine survey data analogously to the noise independent processing of the measured marine survey data by the machine; and data dependent or noise dependent processing of the modeled marine survey data analogously to the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data by the machine; wherein processing the modeled marine survey data analogously to the measured marine survey data reduces a misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data that would otherwise be caused by processing the measured marine survey data without analogously processing the modeled marine survey data; calculating the misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data by the machine; iteratively updating, by the machine, a value of a model parameter based on the misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data and reprocessing the modeled marine survey data with the updated value of the model parameter until the misfit is within a misfit threshold; and producing, by the machine, a spatial distribution of the updated value of the model parameter as a map of the subsurface location to better predict a nature or location of hydrocarbons associated with the subsurface location. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein processing the measured marine survey data comprises compensating the measured marine survey data for spatially distributed receivers to represent data that would be measured if the receivers were not spatially distributed; and wherein processing the modeled marine survey data comprises compensating the modeled marine survey data analogously to the measured marine survey data. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein processing the measured marine survey data comprises compensating the measured marine survey data for time for a marine survey system that is not stationary; and wherein processing the modeled marine survey data comprises compensating the modeled marine survey data for time analogously to the measured marine survey data. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein calculating the misfit comprises calculating the misfit between the marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data after processing the modeled marine survey data analogously to the processing of the measured marine survey data. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, further comprising generating modeled noise based on information about the noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data; and wherein processing modeled marine survey data comprises processing the modeled noise. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, further comprising conducting a marine survey to acquire the measured marine survey data or acquiring the measured marine survey data from a third party. ### Claim 16 A non-transitory machine-readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by a processing resource, cause the processing resource to: model marine survey data based on initial model parameters; apply noise independent processing to measured marine survey data; apply data dependent or noise dependent processing to the measured marine survey data; apply noise independent processing to modeled marine survey data analogously to the noise independent processing of the measured marine survey data; and apply data dependent or noise dependent processing to the modeled marine survey data analogously to the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data; wherein processing the modeled marine survey data analogously to the measured marine survey data reduce a misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data that would otherwise be caused by processing the measured marine survey data without analogously processing the modeled marine survey data; calculate the misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data; in response to the misfit being outside of a misfit threshold: update at least one of the model parameters to reduce the misfit; remodel the marine survey data based on the updated model parameters; reprocess the modeled marine survey data and measured marine survey data analogously; and recalculate the misfit until the misfit is within the misfit threshold; and in response to the misfit being within the misfit threshold: report final model parameters; and produce a spatial distribution of the final model parameters as a map of a subsurface location to better predict a nature or location of hydrocarbons associated with the subsurface location. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The medium of claim 16, wherein the measured marine survey data, prior to being processed analogously to the modeled marine survey data comprises raw measured marine survey data. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions to process the measured marine survey data include instructions to process information received from auxiliary sensors. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions to model the marine survey data include instructions to model noise in the marine survey data. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The medium of claim 19, wherein the instructions to update at least one of the model parameters comprise instructions to update a parameter of the modeled noise. ### Claim 21 A method of generating a geophysical data product, the method comprising: obtaining geophysical data; and processing the geophysical data to generate the geophysical data product, wherein processing the geophysical data comprises: noise independent processing of measured marine survey data; data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data; noise independent processing of modeled marine survey data analogously to the noise independent processing of the measured marine survey data; and data dependent or noise dependent processing of the modeled marine survey data analogously to the data dependent or noise dependent processing of the measured marine survey data; wherein processing the modeled marine survey data analogously to the measured marine survey data reduce a misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data that would otherwise be caused by processing the measured marine survey data without analogously processing the modeled marine survey data; calculating the misfit between the processed measured marine survey data and the processed modeled marine survey data; updating a model parameter in the modeled marine survey data based on the misfit, wherein the model parameter comprises a parameter of a subsurface location to better predict a nature or location of hydrocarbons associated with the subsurface location; and producing a spatial distribution of the model parameter as a map of the subsurface location to better predict a nature or location of hydrocarbons associated with the subsurface location. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, further comprising recording the geophysical data product on a non-transitory machine-readable medium suitable for importing onshore. ### Claim 23 (depends on 21) The method of claim 21, wherein processing the geophysical data comprises processing the geophysical data offshore or onshore.