# US 10,767,123 B2 · Coil-wound heat exchanger for hydrotreatment or hydroconversion

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- Number: US 10,767,123 B2
- Document ID: US10767123B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/228,967
- Filed: 2018-12-21
- Published: 2019-06-27
- Granted: 2020-09-08
- Earliest claimed: 2017-12-22
- Assignees: Axens
- Applicants: Axens
- Inventors: Marion Guillevic; Virginie Gobert; Jacinthe Frecon; Odile Lajeunesse
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10767123B2

## CPC

- C10G 65/12: including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
- C10G 45/00: Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G 47/00: Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions (C10G15/00 takes precedence; destructive hydrogenation of non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials C10G1/06)
- C10G 49/00: Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- F28D 7/024: {the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration}
- C10G 11/18: according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
- C10G 21/14: Hydrocarbons
- C10G 55/06: including at least one catalytic cracking step
- C10G 2300/1033: Oil well production fluids
- C10G 2300/107: Atmospheric residues having a boiling point of at least about 538 °C
- C10G 2300/1077: Vacuum residues
- F25J 1/0022: {Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas}
- F25J 1/0052: {by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream}
- F25J 2220/64: Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
- C10G: CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to individual hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof of definite or specified constitution C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- F28D: HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT (fluid heaters having heat generating means and heat transferring means F24H; furnaces F27; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general)
- F25J: LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS {OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS} MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT {OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE (cryogenic pumps F04B37/08; gas storage vessels, gas holders F17; filing vessels with, or discharging from vessels, compressed, liquefied or solidified gases F17C; refrigeration machines, plants, or systems F25B)}

## Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising in particular a single coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers, for: preheating a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a reactor inlet furnace (F-1) of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1), and cooling the reaction effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1). The present invention also relates to a use of a coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) in a process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A device suitable for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising:
a single coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers, suitable for: preheating and directly distributing the hydrocarbon feedstock and optionally a hydrogen stream or a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a reactor inlet furnace (F-1) of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1), and cooling reaction effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1); the reactor inlet furnace (F-1) for heating and distributing the preheated hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1); the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) suitable for hydrotreating or hydroconverting the hydrocarbon feedstock; a high-pressure cold separator (B-2) suitable for separating at least one portion of cooled reaction effluent into a first liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction and a first gaseous effluent comprising hydrogen; and a separation column (C-1) suitable for separating the first liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction into a bottoms liquid and an overhead effluent and further comprising a first bypass (19) suitable for directly distributing a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock or a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture from the inlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) to the outlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1).

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 1, in which the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) is a multiservice coil-wound heat exchanger.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 2, in which the multiservice coil-wound heat exchanger is suitable for heating at least one portion of the bottoms liquid from the separation column.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 3, further comprising a second bypass (41) of the multiservice coil-wound heat exchanger suitable for controlling the temperature of the bottoms liquid at the outlet of the multiservice coil-wound heat exchanger.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a high-pressure hot separator (B-1) suitable for separating the cooled reaction effluent into a first liquid effluent comprising at least one heavy fraction and a first gaseous effluent comprising a light fraction distributed to the high-pressure cold separator (B-2).

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 5, further comprising a medium-pressure hot separator (B-3) suitable for separating the first liquid effluent comprising at least one heavy fraction into a second liquid effluent comprising at least one heavy fraction distributed to the separation column (C-1), and a second gaseous effluent comprising a light fraction.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 1, further comprising a medium-pressure cold separator (B-4) suitable for separating prior to (C-1), the first liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction into a second liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction distributed to the separation column (C-1) in place of said first liquid effluent, and a second gaseous effluent comprising hydrogen.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment device according to claim 7, further comprising a high-pressure hot separator (B-1) suitable for separating the cooled reaction effluent into a first liquid effluent comprising at least one heavy fraction and a first gaseous effluent comprising a light fraction distributed to the high-pressure cold separator (B-2) in which the medium-pressure cold separator (B-4) is suitable for separating the second gaseous effluent comprising a light fraction.

### Claim 9

A process comprising hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising:
preheating and directly distributing a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock and optionally a hydrogen stream or a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a reactor inlet furnace (F-1) of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) by a single coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1);
directly distributing via a bypass a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock or a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture from the inlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) to the outlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1);
mixing the hydrocarbon feedstock with the hydrogen stream, said mixing taking place before or after preheating;
cooling reaction effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) by means of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers;
heating and distributing preheated hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) by means of the reactor inlet furnace (F-1);
hydrotreating or hydroconverting the hydrocarbon feedstock in the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) comprising at least one reactor comprising at least one catalyst comprising at least one element of Group VIII of the Periodic Table;
separating at least one portion of the cooled reaction effluent in a high-pressure cold separator (B-2) in order to distribute a first liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction and a first gaseous effluent comprising hydrogen; and
separating the first liquid effluent comprising at least one light fraction in a separation column (C-1) in order to distribute a bottoms liquid and an overhead effluent.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment process according to claim 9, in which the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion of the hydrocarbon feedstock is carried out with at least one of the following operating conditions:
the temperature is between around 200° C. and around 460° C.;
the total pressure is between around 1 MPa and around 20 MPa;
the overall hourly space velocity of liquid feedstock is between around 0.05 h−1 and around 12 h−1;
the hydrogen stream comprises between around 50 vol % and around 100 vol % of hydrogen relative to the volume of the hydrogen stream;
the amount of hydrogen relative to the liquid hydrocarbon feedstock is between around 50 Nm3/m3 and around 2500 Nm3/m3.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment process according to claim 9, in which the hydrocarbon feedstock comprises an initial point of greater than 120° C.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The hydroconversion or hydrotreatment process according to claim 9, in which the high-pressure cold separator (B-2) is operated at a pressure below the pressure of the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1) and/or in which the temperature of the high-pressure cold separator (B-2) is between 20° C. and 100° C.

### Claim 13

A process for hydroconversion or hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising subjecting said hydrocarbon feedstock to hydroconversion or hydrotreatment conditions in a coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1), said coil-wound exchanger being a single-pass heat exchanger formed by a vertical chamber in which one or more bundles of tubes are helically wound around a central core, as numerous superposed layers and having a bypass suitable for directly distributing a portion of the hydrocarbon feedstock from the inlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) to the outlet of the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1).

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The process according to claim 13, in which the coil-wound heat exchanger (S-1) is used for:
preheating and directly distributing a hydrocarbon feedstock/hydrogen stream mixture to a reactor inlet furnace (F-1) of a hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R-1);
and cooling the effluent from the hydrotreatment or hydroconversion reaction section (R1).