Method and apparatus for coding video having temporal scalability, and method and apparatus for decoding video having temporal scalability

A video decoding method for decoding video having temporal scalability, the video decoding method comprising:

• receiving transmission unit data obtained by splitting and encoding pictures included in a picture sequence into temporal sub-layers;
• and
• identifying, by using type syntax information included in the transmission unit data, a type of a temporal layer access picture, wherein the temporal layer access picture being accessed for temporal layer up-switching from a lower temporal sub-layer to an upper temporal sub-layer and being initially decoded after up-switching,
• wherein the type syntax information indicates whether the temporal layer access picture is a first temporal layer access picture or a second temporal layer access picture,
• wherein, when the type syntax information indicates the type of the temporal layer access picture is the first temporal layer access picture, the first temporal layer access picture allows a first picture, which is decoded after the first temporal layer access picture, displayed later than the first temporal layer access picture and belongs to a first temporal sub-layer higher than a second temporal sub-layer in which the first temporal layer access picture is included, to refer to a second picture decoded before the first temporal layer access picture, and
• when the type syntax information indicates the type of the temporal layer access picture is the second temporal layer access picture, the second temporal layer access picture restricts a third picture, which is decoded after the second temporal layer access picture, displayed later than the first temporal layer access picture and belongs to a third temporal sub-layer higher than a third temporal sub-layer in which the second temporal layer access picture is included, from referring to a picture decoded before the second temporal layer access picture.