# US 10,763,422 B2 · Composite article with co-planar electrodes > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,763,422 B2 - Document ID: US10763422B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/841,628 - Filed: 2017-12-14 - Published: 2019-06-20 - Granted: 2020-09-01 - Earliest claimed: 2017-12-14 - Assignees: Eastman Kodak Company - Applicants: Eastman Kodak Company - Inventors: Roberta Dileo Benedict; Kurt D. Sieber; J. Lanny Tucker - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10763422B2 ## CPC - H10N 30/878: {the principal material being non-metallic, e.g. oxide or carbon based} - C08K 3/08: Metals - C08K 3/34: Silicon-containing compounds - C08K 7/00: Use of ingredients characterised by shape - C08K 7/06: Elements - C08K 7/18: inorganic - C08L 29/14: Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols - C08L 35/02: Homopolymers or copolymers of esters (C08L35/06, C08L35/08 take precedence) - C08L 39/06: Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones - C08L 65/00: Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain (C08L7/00 - C08L57/00, C08L61/00 take precedence); Compositions of derivatives of such polymers - C08L 75/04: Polyurethanes - C09D 127/16: Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride - H10N 30/857: Macromolecular compositions - H10N 30/871: {Single-layered electrodes of multilayer piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices, e.g. internal electrodes} - H10N 30/877: {Conductive materials} - C08G 2261/1424: containing ether groups, including alkoxy - C08G 2261/3223: containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom, e.g. thiophene - C08G 2261/794: with polymeric dopants - C08K 2003/0806: {Silver} - C08K 2003/0862: {Nickel} - C08K 2201/001: Conductive additives - C08K 2201/011: Nanostructured additives - C08L 25/08: Copolymers of styrene (C08L29/08, C08L35/06, C08L55/02 take precedence) - C08L 2203/20: use in electrical or conductive gadgets - C08L 2205/18: Spheres - H10N 30/30: with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors - H10N 30/306: {Cantilevers} - H10N 30/308: {Membrane type} - H10N: ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR - C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09) - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D) - C08G: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS ## Abstract A composite article has 1) a dry piezoelectric layer, and 2) a pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes that are arranged contiguously with an opposing surface of the dry piezoelectric layer. Each electrode essentially has (a) an electrically-conductive material; and (b) particles having a Young's modulus that is different from the Young's modulus of the (a) electrically-conductive material by at least 10%. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A composite article comprising: 1) a first dry piezoelectric layer (first dry PL) comprising a piezoelectric material and having first and second opposing surfaces, and 2) a pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes that are arranged contiguously with at least one of the first and second opposing surfaces of the first dry PL, each of the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes consisting essentially of: (a) an electrically-conductive material; and (b) particles distributed within the (a) electrically-conductive material, the (b) particles having a Young's modulus that is different from the Young's modulus of the (a) electrically-conductive material by at least 10%, and which (b) particles have a d50 of at least 500 nm and up to and including 500 μm and a polydispersity coefficient of less than or equal to 3, provided that the weight ratio of the (b) particles to the (a) electrically-conductive material is at least 0.01:1 and up to and including 10:1, and provided that: when each of the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes is arranged adjacent to an insulating substrate, it exhibits a resistivity of less than 10,000 ohms-cm, and optionally, each of the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes further includes (c) a binder material that is non-electrically-conductive and has a weight average molecular weight of at least 5,000. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (a) electrically-conductive material comprises particles having a median equivalent spherical volume diameter of at least 1 nm and up to and including 1000 μm and a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 2. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (a) electrically-conductive material comprises one or more of silver, gold, platinum, palladium, copper, nickel, titanium, and an electrically-conductive form of carbon. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (a) electrically-conductive material is an electrically-conductive organic polymer. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (a) electrically-conductive material consists essentially of silver nanoparticles having a d50 of less than or equal to 60 gm and a d90 of less than or equal to 500 μm and a polydispersity that is less than or equal to 1. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein when each of the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes is arranged contiguously with an insulating substrate, it exhibits a resistivity of less than 500 ohm-cm. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (a) electrically-conductive material is present in an amount of at least 2 weight % and up to and including 99 weight %, based on the total weight of each of the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (b) particles are composed of one or more polymeric materials. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (b) particles are composed of one or more inorganic materials. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (c) binder material is present and comprises one or more polyurethanes, acrylate polymers, polyvinyl acetals, or polyacrylate precursors to an acrylate polymer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (c) binder material is present in an amount of at least 0.1 weight % and up to and including 10 weight %, based on the total weight of the at least one dry ECL-P. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, further comprising an insulating substrate and the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes are arranged contiguously between the insulating substrate and the first dry PL. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The composite article of claim 12, further comprising a first dry electrically-conductive layer containing no (b) particles (first dry ECL), which first dry ECL is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The composite article of claim 13, further comprising a first dry electrically-conductive layer containing (b) particles (first dry ECL-P) that is arranged contiguously with the first dry ECL that is arranged contiguously with the second opposing surface of the first dry PL. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, further comprising dielectric material arranged in the same plane as and between the pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (b) particles have a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 1.5. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the (b) particles have a polydispersity coefficient that is less than or equal to 1.25. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, wherein the first dry PL comprises beta phase polyvinylidene fluoride. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The composite article of claim 1, further comprising a second dry piezoelectric layer (second dry PL) comprising a piezoelectric material, which is arranged contiguously with an electrically-conductive layer or a pair of non-electrically-connected co-planar patterned electrodes that are arranged between the first dry PL and the second dry PL.