Computer-implemented methods of determining protein viscosity

A method for producing a low-viscosity antibody solution, the method comprising:

• (a) identifying surface-exposed amino acid residues in tertiary structures of a plurality of antibodies by computing total solvent accessible area (SAA) values for amino acid residues of the antibodies based on partial charge values assigned to side-chain atoms of the antibodies, wherein an amino acid residue is identified as a surface-exposed amino acid residue if it has a SAA of greater than a threshold value;
• (b) identifying atoms that are within a distance R and belong to a side-chain of an exposed amino acid residues identified in (a);
• (c) computing an atomic spatial charge map (SCM) value for each atom identified in (b), wherein the atomic SCM value is the sum of partial charges of the atoms identified in (b);
• (d) computing a SCM score for each of the antibodies based on the atomic SCM values computed in (c);
• and
• (e) predicting relative viscosity of each of the antibodies based on the SCM score computed in (d) by comparing the SCM scores computed in (d) to each other, wherein an antibody is predicted to have a low viscosity if the SCM score computed in (d) is lower than the SCM scores of the other antibodies of the plurality;
• and
• (f) producing a solution comprising the antibody predicted to have a low viscosity.