Polymerizable polar compound, liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element

A compound represented by Formula (1):

• in Formula (1),
• R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and in this alkyl group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O— or —S—, and at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in these groups represented by R1, at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine or chlorine atom;
• a is an integer of 2 to 12;
• M1 and M2 are independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom;
• and
• R2 is a group selected from among groups represented by Formula (1-a), Formula (1-b), and Formula (1-c);
• in Formula (1-a), Formula (1-b), and Formula (1-c),
• Sp2 and Sp3 are independently a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkylene group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, or —OCOO—, and at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in these groups represented by Sp2 and Sp3, at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine or chlorine atom;
• R3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms;
• X1 is independently —OH, —NH2, —N(R4)2, —COOH, —SH, or —Si(R4)3;
• in —N(R4)2, and —Si(R4)3,
• R4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkyl group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O—, and at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH—, and in these groups represented by R4, at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine or chlorine atom,
• in Formula (1),
• Sp1 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and in this alkylene group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, or —OCOO—, and at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in these groups represented by Sp1, at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a group represented by Formula (1-d);
• in Formula (1-d),
• Sp4 is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkylene group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, or —OCOO—, and at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in these groups represented by Sp4, at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine or chlorine atom;
• M3 and M4 are independently a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom;
• and
• R5 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and in this alkyl group, at least one —CH2— is optionally substituted with —O—, at least one —(CH2)2— is optionally substituted with —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and at least one hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.