EL element, EL element substrate, lighting device, display device, and liquid crystal display device

An EL element, comprising:

• an EL light-emitting structure including a transparent electrode, a light-emitting layer on the transparent electrode, and a counter electrode on the light-emitting layer;
• a translucent substrate through which a light generated from the light-emitting layer is emitted to outside;
• and
• a light scattering layer positioned between the EL light-emitting structure and the translucent substrate, the light scattering layer having a first surface on a side of the transparent electrode and a second surface on a side of the translucent substrate,
• wherein the light scattering layer includes a first light scattering layer comprising a plurality of first light scattering particles, and a second light scattering layer formed on the first light scattering layer and comprising a plurality of second light scattering particles such that the plurality of first light scattering particles forms a plurality of agglomerates and the first surface having a concavo-convex shape, that the plurality of second light scattering particles is positioned in order along the second surface and forms a layered arrangement portion at the second surface that is smoother than the first surface having the concavo-convex shape, and that the light scattering layer scatters incident light entering from the first light scattering layer and reflects incident light entering from the second light scattering layer.