Thermoplastic 3-D phantom
AssigneeThe Regents of the University of California
InventorsNeil Kirby, Kamal Singhrao, Jean Pouliot
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Abstract
There is provided a radiographic three-dimensional phantom for inter alia mimicking specific anatomical parts in a computerized tomography scan. Methods are provided for a variety of purposes including detecting a difference between a measured optical deformation of a radiographic three-dimensional phantom pair and a theoretical deformation of the radiographic three-dimensional phantom pair. These three-dimensional phantom can be divided into a plurality of portions, and non-radiopaque markers can be added to the portions. The portions of the three-dimensional phantom can be re-assembled, and images of the three-dimensional phantom can be generated and compared.
Claims15
A three-dimensional phantom comprising:
- a first tissue model sized and shaped according to a first feature of mammalian anatomy, the first tissue model comprising a first mixture comprising a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature, wherein a radiodensity of said first mixture mimics a radiodensity of said first feature in a CT scan;
- and
- a second tissue model sized and shaped according to a second feature of mammalian anatomy, the second tissue model comprising a second mixture that is solid at room temperature, wherein a radiodensity of said second mixture mimics a radiodensity of said second feature in a CT scan;
- a first portion comprising a first mating surface, wherein the first mating surface comprises a plurality of first keys and a plurality of first optically detectable non-radiopaque markers;
- and
- a second portion comprising a second mating surface configured to mate with the first mating surface, wherein the second mating surface comprises a plurality of second keys and a plurality of second optically detectable non-radiopaque markers, wherein the plurality of second keys engage with the plurality of first keys to prevent movement of the first portion relative to the second portion and parallel to the first mating surface and the second mating surface;
- wherein the radiodensity of the first mixture is different than the radiodensity of the second mixture.
A three-dimensional phantom comprising:
- a first tissue model sized and shaped according to a first feature of mammalian anatomy, the first tissue model comprising a first mixture comprising a thermoplastic that is solid at room temperature, wherein a radiodensity of said first mixture mimics a radiodensity of said first feature in a CT scan;
- and
- a second tissue model sized and shaped according to a second feature of mammalian anatomy, the second tissue model comprising a second mixture that is solid at room temperature, wherein a radiodensity of said second mixture mimics a radiodensity of said second feature in a CT scan, wherein the second tissue model is configured to represent a hard tissue and wherein the second mixture comprises a resin and an additive;
- wherein the radiodensity of the first mixture is different than the radiodensity of the second mixture.
A method of detecting a difference between a measured optical deformation of a radiographic three-dimensional phantom pair and a theoretical deformation of said radiographic three-dimensional phantom pair, said method comprising:
- (i) comparing a first optical image of a non-deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom to a second optical image of a deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom thereby obtaining a measured optical deformation;
- (ii) generating a first plurality of computed tomography (CT) images from said non-deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom and a second plurality of CT images from said deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom, wherein the first plurality of CT images and the second plurality of CT images are taken at varying depths in both the non-deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom and the deformed radiographic three-dimensional phantom;
- (iii) performing a deformable registration method between the first plurality of CT images and the second plurality of CT images using a deformable registration algorithm thereby obtaining a theoretical deformation;
- and
- (iv) comparing said measured optical deformation with said theoretical deformation thereby determining a difference between said measured optical deformation and said theoretical deformation.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.