Thin film photovoltaic cell with back contacts

A method comprising:

• fabricating a photovoltaic cell, the fabricating comprising:
• providing a substrate, the substrate being, at least in part, transparent to allow light to enter the photovoltaic cell through a first side of the substrate;
• providing a light absorption layer over a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate through which light enters the photovoltaic cell, the light absorption layer having opposite first and second surfaces, the first surface being closer to the substrate than the second surface;
• disposing a passivation layer over the second surface of the light absorption layer;
• forming a plurality of first discrete contacts and a plurality of second discrete contacts within, at least in part, the passivation layer to electrically couple to the light absorption layer;
• and
• providing a first electrode and a second electrode disposed over the passivation layer, the first electrode electrically contacting the plurality of first discrete contacts, and the second electrode electrically contacting the plurality of second discrete contacts.