Permanent magnet, motor, and generator

A permanent magnet comprising:

• a composition expressed by a composition formula RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t, where R is at least one element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ti, and Hf, p is a number satisfying 10.8≤p≤12.5 atomic percent, q is a number satisfying 26≤q≤40 atomic percent, r is a number satisfying 0.88≤r≤4.5 atomic percent, and t is a number satisfying 4.91≤t≤13.5 atomic percent;
• and
• a metallic structure including a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a grain boundary phase disposed between crystal grains of the main phase, the grain boundary phase having a Cu-M rich phase, the Cu-M rich phase having a higher Cu concentration and a higher M concentration than the main phase,
• the crystal grains of the main phase having an average grain diameter being equal to or greater than 35 μm,
• a squareness ratio of the magnet being 93.5% or more and 95.5% or less, and
• a residual magnetization of the magnet being 1.17 T or more and 1.215 T or less.