Method for modulating a microwave frequency wave, transmission system carrying out this method, and radar comprising a system of this type

A method for modulating a microwave frequency pulse wave, comprising:

• providing an antenna configured to transmit the wave, wherein the antenna comprises an array of radiating elements,
• transmitting two pulse waves each modulated by a phase shift law known as modulation phase shift, wherein phase shifts of the two pulse waves are in opposition,
• transmitting (i) a first wave by a sub-array of radiating elements referred to as odd and (ii) a second wave by a second sub-array of radiating elements referred to as even, wherein the two sub-arrays are interleaved, the transmitted wave being the combination of said first wave and said second wave,
• obtaining said two waves form the same pulse signal (s(t)), said signal being modulated by a first modulation phase shift for the odd radiating elements and by a second modulation phase shift for the even elements,
• applying said first modulation phase shift to the rising edge of the pulse by varying form −π/2 to 0 and to the falling edge by varying from 0 to −π/2;
• and
• applying said second modulation phase shift to the rising edge of the pulse by varying from π/2 to 0 and to the falling edge by varying from 0 to π/2.