Procedure for laying railway tracks

A procedure for laying railway tracks on a trackbed, the procedure comprising:

• providing a track laying train (30) with a plurality of rails (1) to be laid in a laying area;
• pulling a first pair of rails of the plurality of rails (1) from the track laying train (30) in a direction of pull;
• joining the first pair of rails to a second, consecutive pair of rails of the plurality of rails (1) with a pair of tractor plates (200), each tractor plate (200) including
• a support having a first part (210) and a second part (220), and
• gripping elements (240), each gripping element (240) configured to slide with respect to the first and second parts (210, 220) in a longitudinal direction so that when the gripping element (240) is moved in the direction of pull, the gripping element (240) clamps on a web (3) of a respective one of the second pair of rails;
• unloading the first and second pairs of rails joined by the tractor plates (200) from the track laying train (30) onto the trackbed;
• providing an unloading device (500) coupled to a plurality of auxiliary wagons (31) of the track laying train (30);
• guiding the first and second pairs of rails through the unloading device (500);
• squaring a plurality of sleepers (20) on the trackbed simultaneously with a squaring device, the squaring device including a plurality of extensible positioning elements (310) located between consecutive sleepers of the plurality of sleepers (20);
• after unloading, joining the first and second pairs of rails with a pair of joint plates (100), each joint plate (100) including first and second stabilising parts (110) located on opposite longitudinal sides of a respective rail of the first and second pairs of rails, with a top internal surface (120) and a bottom internal surface (130) of each stabilising part (110) located in contact with a head (2) of the respective rail and a foot (3) of the respective rail, wherein the first and second stabilising parts (110) are tightened onto the respective rail;
• unloading ballast onto the trackbed;
• tamping the first and second pairs of rails;
• profiling the ballast with a profiling device (400) coupled to an earthmoving machine (40);
• and
• welding the first and second pairs of rails together,
• wherein pulling the first pair of rails includes moving the track laying train (30) along an auxiliary track (60) parallel to the trackbed while ends of the first pair of rails are joined to a fixed point on the plurality of sleepers (20),
• wherein the unloading device (500) includes a plurality of transverse beams (501) each having first and second windows (502) configured to guide the first and second pairs of rails toward the trackbed,
• wherein a first transverse beam (501) of the plurality of transverse beams (501) is fixed to a first auxiliary wagon (31) of the plurality of auxiliary wagons (31), the first and second windows (502) of the first transverse beam (501) being symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis of the track laying train (30),
• wherein the windows of consecutive transverse beams (501) of the plurality of transverse beams (501) are positioned progressively closer to the trackbed in a direction transverse to the trackbed to guide the first and second pairs of rails toward the trackbed,
• wherein the plurality of transverse beams (501) includes at least one adjustable beam in which the position of the first and second windows (502) is variable longitudinally along the adjustable beam, and
• wherein the adjustable beam is telescopically adjustable to vary the distance between the windows (502).

A procedure for laying railway tracks on a trackbed, the procedure comprising:

• providing a track laying train (30) with a plurality of rails (1) to be laid in a laying area;
• pulling a first pair of rails of the plurality of rails (1) from the track laying train (30) in a direction of pull;
• joining the first pair of rails to a second, consecutive pair of rails of the plurality of rails (1) with a pair of tractor plates (200), each tractor plate (200) including
• a support having a first part (210) and a second part (220), and
• gripping elements (240), each gripping element (240) configured to slide with respect to the first and second parts (210, 220) in a longitudinal direction so that when the gripping element (240) is moved in the direction of pull, the gripping element (240) clamps on a web (3) of a respective one of the second pair of rails;
• unloading the first and second pairs of rails joined by the tractor plates (200) from the track laying train (30) onto the trackbed;
• providing an unloading device (500) coupled to a plurality of auxiliary wagons (31) of the track laying train (30);
• guiding the first and second pairs of rails through the unloading device (500);
• squaring a plurality of sleepers (20) on the trackbed simultaneously with a squaring device, the squaring device including a plurality of extensible positioning elements (310) located between consecutive sleepers of the plurality of sleepers (20);
• after unloading, joining the first and second pairs of rails with a pair of joint plates (100), each joint plate (100) including first and second stabilising parts (110) located on opposite longitudinal sides of a respective rail of the first and second pairs of rails, with a top internal surface (120) and a bottom internal surface (130) of each stabilising part (110) located in contact with a head (2) of the respective rail and a foot (3) of the respective rail, wherein the first and second stabilising parts (110) are tightened onto the respective rail;
• unloading ballast onto the trackbed;
• tamping the first and second pairs of rails;
• profiling the ballast with a profiling device (400) coupled to an earthmoving machine (40);
• and
• welding the first and second pairs of rails together,
• wherein pulling the first pair of rails includes moving the track laying train (30) along an auxiliary track (60) parallel to the trackbed while ends of the first pair of rails are joined to a fixed point on the plurality of sleepers (20),
• wherein the unloading device (500) includes a plurality of transverse beams (501) each having first and second windows (502) configured to guide the first and second pairs of rails toward the trackbed,
• wherein a first transverse beam (501) of the plurality of transverse beams (501) is fixed to a first auxiliary wagon (31) of the plurality of auxiliary wagons (31), the first and second windows (502) of the first transverse beam (501) being symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of a longitudinal axis of the track laying train (30),
• wherein the windows of consecutive transverse beams (501) of the plurality of transverse beams (501) are positioned progressively closer to the trackbed in a direction transverse to the trackbed to guide the first and second pairs of rails toward the trackbed,
• wherein the plurality of transverse beams (501) includes at least one adjustable beam in which the position of the first and second windows (502) is variable longitudinally along the adjustable beam, and
• wherein the first and second windows (502) on the adjustable beam are positionable at preset positions along a length of the adjustable beam to vary a distance between the windows (502).