Method for controlling a temperature of a battery cell

A temperature controlling device of a battery cell (22, 24) in a battery module (20), wherein the device comprises:

• a memory device (50) for storing a pre-defined thermal battery cell model defined by a differential equation, and fixed input values of the battery cell (22, 24) for the thermal battery cell model, wherein the thermal battery cell model further comprises mechanical information from which a thermal stress resistance of the battery cell (22, 24) or the battery module (20) in connection with an actual temperature gradient is derived;
• a sensor unit (60) for determining variable input values for the thermal battery cell model;
• and
• a control unit (70), wherein
• the sensor unit (60) is configured to at least measure a current (I) flowing into or out of the battery cell (22, 24)
• the control unit (70) is configured
• to determine an actual temperature gradient of the battery cell using the stored thermal battery cell model,
• to compare the determined temperature gradient with a pre-defined desired temperature gradient,
• to automatically adjust a current (I) flowing into or out of the battery cell (22, 24) based on this comparison result, and
• to use a predefined admissible deformation in order to ensure that the corresponding admissible thermal stress is not exceeded.