Superconducting system architecture for high-performance energy-efficient cryogenic computing

An energy efficient rapid single flux quantum (ERSFQ) logic register wheel comprising:

• a circular shift register having a plurality of destructive read out (DRO) cells, each entry of said circular shift register comprising a data block, a tag, and a valid bit which advance by one entry every cycle of the register wheel;
• a compare and control logic coupled to said circular shift register to compare a source specifier or a destination register specifier against a register tag stored in the wheel following each cycle of the register wheel;
• at least one or more read ports and at least one or more write ports, coupled to said circular shift register to write to or to read from a different entry each in the register wheel following each cycle of the register wheel;
• and
• wherein said logic wheel comprises a Josephson junction (JJ) based energy ERSFQ logic disposed in a cryostat which maintains cryogenic temperatures.