Acrylonitrile derivatives as additive for electrolytes in lithium ion batteries

An electrolyte composition (A), comprising:

• (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent;
• (ii) at least one conducting salt;
• (iii) at least one compound of formula (I)
• wherein
• the at least one aprotic organic solvent does not comprise a cyclic organic carbonate or a noncyclic organic carbonate,
• X1 and X2 are each independently N(R1), P(R1), O, or S;
• R1 is H, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, C7-C13 aralkyl, OR3, C(O)R3, C(NR3)R4, or C(O)OR3, wherein alkyl, (hetero)cycloalkyl, alkenyl, (hetero)cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, (hetero)aryl, and aralkyl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of F, CN, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, S(O)2OR3a, OS(O)2R3a, S(O)2R3a, OR3a, C(O)OR3a, C(O)OR3a, NR3aR3b, and NC(O)R3aR3b;
• Y1 and Y2 are each independently (O), (S), (PR2) or (NR2),
• R2 is H, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, (hetero)C3-C6 cycloalkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, C7-C13 aralkyl, OR2a or C(O)R2a, wherein alkyl, (hetero)cycloalkyl, alkenyl, (hetero)cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, (hetero)aryl, and aralkyl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of F, CN, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, S(O)2OR2b, OS(O)2R2b, S(O)2R2b, OR2b, C(O)OR2b, C(O)OR2b, NR2bR2c, and NC(O)R2bR2c;
• and
• R2a, R2b and R2c are each independently H, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, or C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, wherein alkyl, (hetero)cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and (hetero)aryl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from F and CN,
• R3, R4, R3a, and R3b are each independently H, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, or C7-C13 aralkyl, wherein alkyl, (hetero)cycloalkyl, alkenyl, (hetero)cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, (hetero)aryl, and aralkyl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of F, CN, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, S(O)2OR3c, OS(O)2R3c, S(O)2R3c, OR3c, C(O)R3c, C(O)OR3c, NR3cR3d, and NC(O)R3cR3d;
• R3c and R3d are each independently H, C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C6 (hetero)cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, or C5-C7 (hetero)aryl, wherein alkyl, (hetero)cycloalkyl, alkenyl, and (hetero)aryl may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from F and CN;
• and
• (iv) optionally, at least one further additive.