Rapid three-dimensional multispectral microscopic imaging system

A rapid three-dimensional multispectral microscopic imaging system, comprising:

• a microscope, configured to magnify a sample, to image the sample onto an image plane of the microscope and to output the image plane of the microscope through an output port of the image plane;
• a field diaphragm, disposed at the image plane output by the microscope and configured to restrict a field range of imaging;
• a one-dimensional beam-splitting grating, coupled to the field diaphragm through a first 4f system, and disposed at a back focal plane of the first 4f system and configured to duplicate a beam after passing through the first 4f system into beams with different angles;
• a phase modulation component, disposed in a middle of a second 4f system configured to perform different phase modulations to the beams with different angles respectively;
• a blazed grating, coupled to the one-dimensional beam-splitting grating through the second 4f system, disposed at a back focal plane of the second 4f system, and configured to perform dispersion to the beams with different angles passing through the phase modulation component at a dimension orthogonal to the beam-splitting grating so as to map spectral information of the sample to one-dimensional vision;
• a micro lens array, coupled to the blazed grating through a third 4f system, disposed at a back focal plane of the third 4f system, and configured to make the beams with different angles passing through the blazed grating map to different locations on a back focal plane of the micro lens array;
• an image sensor, configured to image the back focal plane of the micro lens array to acquire a three-dimensional multispectral image.