Real-time nonlinear receding horizon control of batteries for power systems

A system for controlling nonlinear battery degradation through real-time nonlinear receding horizon control, the system comprising:

• a battery;
• processor;
• and
• a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations comprising:
• determining a current time;
• determining a current state of charge of a battery;
• integrating a two-point boundary value problem from the current time to an optimization horizon time;
• obtaining, based on the integrated two-point boundary value problem, a differential equation of a costate associated with the state of charge of the battery;
• integrating the differential equation of the costate in real-time;
• computing a distributed optimal control protocol for controlling a degradation of the battery;
• and
• generating a real-time optimal control scheme based on the distributed optimal control protocol, wherein the real-time optimal control scheme is used by the processor to adjust an output power of the battery to track a desired trajectory for the output power of the battery.

A computer program product for controlling nonlinear battery degradation through real-time nonlinear receding horizon control, comprising:

• a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having computer-readable program code embodied therewith, the computer-readable program code configured, when executed by a processor, to:
• determine a current time;
• determine a current state of charge of a battery;
• integrate a two-point boundary value problem from the current time to an optimization horizon time;
• obtain, based on the integrated two-point boundary value problem, a differential equation of a costate associated with the state of charge of the battery;
• integrate the differential equation of the costate in real-time;
• compute a distributed optimal control protocol for controlling a degradation of the battery;
• and
• generate a real-time optimal control scheme based on the distributed optimal control protocol, wherein the real-time optimal control scheme is used by the processor to adjust an output power of the battery to track a desired trajectory for the output power of the battery.