Methods, systems, and computer readable media for visualization of resection target during epilepsy surgery and for real time spatiotemporal visualization of neurophysiologic biomarkers

A system for visualization of a resection target during epilepsy surgery, the system comprising:

• at least one computer;
• and
• a real time neurophysiologic biomarker visualization system stored in a non-transitory computer readable medium, implemented by the at least one computer and configured to:
• receive, as input, a pre-electrode-implantation magnetic resonance image (MRI) of an epilepsy patient's brain;
• receive, as input, a post-electrode-implantation computed tomography (CT) image of the patient's brain;
• receive, as input, a post-electrode-implantation MRI of the patient's brain;
• receive, as input, raw EEG data produced by an implanted electrode array, process the raw EEG data, and generate, in real time and intraoperatively, spatiotemporal visualizations of occurrences of a neurophysiologic biomarker mapped to locations of the occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker, wherein the spatiotemporal visualizations of the occurrences change over time with changes in the raw EEG data and the spatiotemporal visualizations comprise a spatiotemporal color map of results of band-limited, shifting-time-windowed sampling of high frequency oscillations of EEG signals rendered on top of a 3D model of the patient's brain;
• receive, as input, data identifying a resection target;
• and
• receive, as input, coordinates in real space produced by a neuronavigation system;
• register the MRIs, the CT image, the spatiotemporal visualizations of the occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker, the data identifying the resection target and the coordinates in real space produced by the neuronavigation system to produce a registered image.

A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by a processor of a computer control the computer to perform steps comprising:

• at a real time neurophysiologic biomarker visualization system embodied in the non-transitory computer readable medium and implemented by the computer:
• receiving, as input, a pre-electrode-implantation magnetic resonance image (MRI) of an epilepsy patient's brain;
• receiving, as input, a post-electrode-implantation computed tomography (CT) image of the patient's brain;
• receiving, as input, a post-electrode-implantation MRI of the patient's brain;
• receiving, as input, raw EEG data produced by an implanted electrode array, processing the raw EEG data, and generating, in real time, intraoperatively, and from the raw EEG data, spatiotemporal visualizations of occurrences of a neurophysiologic biomarker mapped to locations of the occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker, wherein the spatiotemporal visualizations change over time with changes in the raw EEG data and the spatiotemporal visualizations comprise a spatiotemporal color map of results of band-limited, shifting-time-windowed sampling of high frequency oscillations of EEG signals rendered on top of a 3D model of the patient's brain;
• receiving, as input, data identifying a resection target;
• and
• receiving, as input, coordinates in real space produced by a neuronavigation system;
• registering the MRIs, the CT image, the spatiotemporal visualizations of the occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker, the data identifying the resection target and the coordinates in real space produced by the neuronavigation system to produce a registered image.

A method for real time spatiotemporal visualization of neurophysiologic biomarkers, the method comprising:

• receiving, at a computational engine implemented by at least one computer, raw data collected from a cortical electrode array;
• processing the raw data to generate data indicative of occurrences of a neurophysiologic biomarker;
• generating, intraoperatively, spatiotemporal visualizations of the processed data that maps the occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker to its spatial origins in two-dimensions or to locations in an image of at least a portion of a patient's brain corresponding to the occurrences in three-dimensions, wherein the spatiotemporal visualizations change over time with changes in the raw data collected by the cortical electrode array and the spatiotemporal visualizations comprise a spatiotemporal color map of results of band-limited, shifting-time-windowed sampling of high frequency oscillations of EEG signals rendered on top of a 3D model of the patient's brain;
• and
• outputting the spatiotemporal visualizations to a user, wherein the processing, generating, and outputting are performed in real time.

A system for real time spatiotemporal visualization of neurophysiologic biomarkers, the system comprising:

• at least one computer;
• a computational engine implemented by the at least one computer and configured to receive raw data collected from a cortical electrode array, to process the raw data to generate data indicative of occurrences of a neurophysiologic biomarker;
• and
• a graphical user interface configured to receive the processed data and to generate, intraoperatively, spatiotemporal visualizations of the processed data that maps occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker to its spatial origins in two dimensions or to locations in an image of at least a portion of a patient's brain corresponding to the occurrences in three dimensions and for outputting the spatiotemporal visualizations to a user, wherein the processing, generating, and outputting are performed in real time and, wherein the spatiotemporal visualizations change over time with changes in the raw data collected by the cortical electrode array and the spatiotemporal visualizations comprise a spatiotemporal color map of results of band-limited, shifting-time-windowed sampling of high frequency oscillations of EEG signals rendered on top of a 3D model of the patient's brain.

A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by a processor of a computer control the computer to perform steps comprising:

• receiving, at a computational engine implemented by the computer, raw data collected from a cortical electrode array;
• processing the raw data to generate data indicative of occurrences of a neurophysiologic biomarker;
• generating, intraoperatively, spatiotemporal visualizations of the processed data that maps occurrences of the neurophysiologic biomarker to its spatial origins in two dimensions or locations in an image of at least a portion of a patient's brain corresponding to the occurrences in three dimensions, wherein the spatiotemporal visualizations change over time with changes in the raw data collected by the cortical electrode array and the spatiotemporal visualizations comprise a spatiotemporal color map of results of band-limited, shifting-time-windowed sampling of high frequency oscillations of EEG signals rendered on top of a 3D model of the patient's brain;
• and
• outputting the spatiotemporal visualizations to a user, wherein the processing, generating, and outputting are performed in real time.