Luminescent hybrid nanomaterials with aggregation induced emission

A luminescent hybrid nanomaterial comprising:

• at least one inorganic nanomaterial comprising an inorganic first compound;
• and
• at least one second compound comprising a first aggregation-induced emission moiety,
• wherein the at least one second compound is grafted on at least part of a surface of the inorganic first compound, and
• wherein the at least one second compound has one of the following structures:
• wherein:
• M is selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn and Pb;
• M′ is selected from the group consisting of P, As, Sb and Bi;
• M″ is selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb and Bi;
• X is selected from the group comprising H, OH, SH, SeH and TeH, or X is selected from the group comprising OR′, SR′, SeR′ and TeR′,
• R′ being a first linker, the first linker comprising a first anchoring group, the first linker being a linear, cyclic or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C1-C20 alkyl group,
• the first anchoring group being selected from the group comprising a hydroxyl, thiol, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, cyano, amino, amido, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, dithiophosphinic acid, phosphate, phosphoester, phosphothioester, phosphine oxide, phosphine sulfide, phosphine, and silanol group;
• Y is selected from the group consisting of O, S, Se and Te;
• R1 is selected from the group consisting of a cyano, amino, amido, carboxylic acid, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, a C2-C20 alkynyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylthio, C1-C20 alkylamino, C1-C20 alkylamido, C2-C20 heteroalkyl, C1-C20 haloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C4-C20 heteroaryl, C7-C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl, C8-C20 arylalkenyl, C8-C20 arylalkynyl, C6-C20 haloaryl, C2-C20 alkylketone, C2-C20 alkylthione, C2-C20 alkylcarbonate, C2-C20 carboxylic acid ester, C1-C20 alkylsulfinic acid, C1-C20 alkylsulfonic acid, C1-C20 alkylphosphonic acid, C1-C20 alkyldithiophosphinic acid, C1-C20 alkylphosphate, C1-C20 alkylphosphoester, C1-C20 alkylphosphine oxide, and C1-C20 alkylphosphine group;
• or R1 is selected from the group consisting of H, OH, SH, SeH and TeH, or R1 is selected from the group consisting of OR″, SR″, SeR″ and TeR″, R″ being a second linker comprising a second anchoring group,
• the second linker being a linear, cyclic or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C1-C20 alkyl group,
• the second anchoring group being selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl, thiol, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, cyano, amino, amido, sulfinic acid, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, dithiophosphinic acid, phosphate, phosphoester, phosphothioester, phosphine oxide, phosphine sulfide, phosphine, and silanol group;
• each R2 to R6 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen, hydroxy, nitro, nitroxy, nitroso, halide, cyano, isothiocyanato, amino, amido, imino, azido, cyanato, isocyanato, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, a C2-C20 alkynyl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C1-C20 alkylthio, C1-C20 alkylamino, C1-C20 alkylamido, C2-C20 heteroalkyl, C1-C20 haloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C4-C20 heteroaryl, C7-C20 alkylaryl, C7-C20 arylalkyl, C8-C20 arylalkenyl, C8-C20 arylalkynyl, C6-C20 haloaryl, C2-C20 alkylketone, C2-C20 alkylthione, C2-C20 alkylcarbonate, carboxylic acid, C2-C20 carboxylic acid ester, sulfinic acid, C1-C20 alkylsulfinyl, sulfonic acid and C1-C20 alkylsulfonyl group.