“B” and “O” site doped AB2O4 spinel cathode material, method of preparing the same, and rechargeable lithium and Li-ion electrochemical systems containing the same

A method of preparing a homogeneously dispersed Group VIII Period 4 element and chlorine-modified lithium manganese based AB2O4 spinel cathode material, the method comprising:

• dissolving a chloride of a Group VIII Period 4 element, a nitrate of a Group VIII Period 4 element, manganese nitrate, and lithium nitrate in distilled water or deionized water to produce an aqueous solution;
• mixing the aqueous solution with a chelating agent to produce a mixture;
• heating the mixture at a temperature ranging from 75° C. to 120° C. to produce a gel;
• heating the gel at a temperature ranging from 200° C. to 300° C. to produce an ash;
• grinding the ash;
• and
• calcining the ground ash for a time period no greater than 5 hours at a temperature of at least 350° C. to produce the homogeneously dispersed Group VIII Period 4 element and chlorine-modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel cathode material,
• wherein the Group VIII Period 4 element is selected from a group consisting of iron and cobalt, and
• wherein the homogeneously dispersed Group VIII Period 4 element and chlorine-modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel cathode material is fully reversible at charge potentials equal to or greater than 5.2 volts and discharge potentials equal to or less than 2.0 volts.