# US 10,504,432 B2 · Display with light-emitting diodes

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- Number: US 10,504,432 B2
- Document ID: US10504432B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 16/289,007
- Filed: 2019-02-28
- Published: 2019-06-27
- Granted: 2019-12-10
- Earliest claimed: 2015-12-04
- Assignees: Apple Inc.
- Applicants: Apple Inc.
- Inventors: Chin-Wei Lin; Hung Sheng Lin; Shih Chang Chang; Shinya Ono
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10504432B2

## CPC

- G09G 3/3233: with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
- G09G 3/3266: Details of drivers for scan electrodes
- G09G 3/3275: Details of drivers for data electrodes
- H10D 30/6743: {Silicon}
- H10D 30/6755: {Oxide semiconductors, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide or cadmium stannate}
- H10D 86/423: {comprising semiconductor materials not belonging to the Group IV, e.g. InGaZnO}
- H10D 86/60: wherein the TFTs are in active matrices
- G09G 2300/0842: forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
- G09G 2300/0861: with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
- G09G 2310/0202: Addressing of scan or signal lines
- G09G 2310/0256: with the purpose of reversing the voltage across a light emitting or modulating element within a pixel
- G09G 2320/0295: by monitoring each display pixel
- G09G 2320/043: Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
- G09G 2340/0435: Change or adaptation of the frame rate of the video stream
- G09G: ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (arrangements for transferring data between digital computers and displays G06F3/14; static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H10H, H05B33/12; scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission, details thereof H04N1/00)
- H10D: INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

## Abstract

A display may have an array of pixels each of which has a light-emitting diode such as an organic light-emitting diode. A drive transistor and an emission transistor may be coupled in series with the light-emitting diode of each pixel between a positive power supply and a ground power supply. The pixels may include first and second switching transistors. A data storage capacitor may be coupled between a gate and source of the drive transistor in each pixel. Signal lines may be provided in columns of pixels to route signals such as data signals, sensed drive currents from the drive transistors, and predetermined voltages between display driver circuitry and the pixels. The switching transistors, emission transistors, and drive transistors may include semiconducting-oxide transistors and silicon transistors and may be n-channel transistors or p-channel transistors.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A pixel circuit comprising:
a positive power supply terminal;
a ground power supply terminal;
a light-emitting diode (LED) that is connected between the positive power supply terminal and the ground power supply terminal;
a drive transistor that is connected in series with the light-emitting diode;
an emission transistor that is connected in series with the drive transistor and the light-emitting diode, wherein the emission transistor is interposed between the light-emitting diode and the drive transistor; and
a semiconducting-oxide switching transistor that is coupled to a gate of the drive transistor.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 1, wherein the semiconducting-oxide switching transistor is coupled between the gate of the drive transistor and a first signal line.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 2, wherein the first signal line is a reference voltage line.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 3, further comprising a storage capacitor that is coupled to a first node that is interposed between the semiconducting-oxide switching transistor and the gate of the drive transistor.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 4, wherein the storage capacitor is coupled to a second node and wherein the display pixel further comprises:
an additional switching transistor that is coupled between the second node and a second signal line.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 5, wherein the second signal line is a data line.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 6, wherein the additional switching transistor is a first silicon transistor, wherein the emission transistor is a second silicon transistor.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 7, further comprising:
a transistor coupled to a third node that is interposed between the light-emitting diode and the emission transistor.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 8, wherein the drive transistor is a third silicon transistor.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 9, wherein the transistor coupled to third node is a fourth silicon transistor.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 8, wherein the second node is in series with the drive transistor, the emission transistor, and the light-emitting diode.

### Claim 12

A display, comprising:
display driver circuitry;
an array of pixels; and
signal lines that convey signals between the display driver circuitry and the pixels, wherein each pixel includes:
a light-emitting diode (LED) connected to a ground power supply terminal;
a drive transistor coupled to the light-emitting diode;
a semiconducting-oxide switching transistor coupled between a gate terminal of the drive transistor and a first signal line of the signal lines;
a capacitor having first and second terminals, wherein the first terminal is connected to both the gate terminal of the drive transistor and the semiconducting-oxide switching transistor and wherein the second terminal is connected to a node; and
a silicon switching transistor coupled between the node and a second signal line of the signal lines.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The display defined in claim 12, wherein the first signal line is a reference voltage line.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The display defined in claim 12, wherein the second signal line is a data line.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The display defined in claim 12, further comprising:
a silicon emission transistor connected in series with the drive transistor and the light-emitting diode.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The display defined in claim 15, wherein the silicon emission transistor is interposed between the drive transistor and the light-emitting diode.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The display defined in claim 16, further comprising:
an additional silicon switching transistor that is coupled to a node that is interposed between the silicon emission transistor and the light-emitting diode.

### Claim 18

A pixel circuit, comprising:
a reference voltage line;
a data line;
an emission transistor, a drive transistor, and a light-emitting diode (LED) that are serially connected between a positive power supply and a ground power supply;
a semiconducting-oxide switching transistor coupled between a gate terminal of the drive transistor and the reference voltage line;
a storage capacitor having a first terminal coupled between the semiconducting-oxide switching transistor; and the gate terminal of the drive transistor; and
a silicon switching transistor coupled between a second terminal of the storage capacitor and the data line.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 18, wherein the emission transistor is interposed between the drive transistor and the light-emitting diode.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The pixel circuit defined in claim 19, further comprising:
a transistor coupled to a node that is interposed between the emission transistor and the light-emitting diode.