# US 10,503,231 B2 · Load line regulation via clamping voltage > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,503,231 B2 - Document ID: US10503231B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/841,201 - Filed: 2017-12-13 - Published: 2019-02-14 - Granted: 2019-12-10 - Earliest claimed: 2017-08-10 - Assignees: Microsoft Technology Licensing, LLC - Applicants: Microsoft Technology Licensing, LLC - Inventors: Peter Atkinson; Steven William Ranta; Francine Mary Shammami; William Paul Hovis - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10503231B2 ## CPC - G06F 1/28: Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision - G05F 1/462: {as a function of the requirements of the load, e.g. delay, temperature, specific voltage/current characteristic} - G05F 1/468: {characterised by reference voltage circuitry, e.g. soft start, remote shutdown} - G06F 1/26: Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof (for memories G11C) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G05F: SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES ## Abstract A computing device is provided that includes a processor, a primary power supply, and a voltage regulation module. The voltage regulation module is configured to determine a load line for the processor and monitor a voltage and a current to the processor. While monitoring the voltage and current, the voltage regulation module is further configured to regulate the voltage to the processor to trend toward a voltage setpoint defined by the load line. While regulating the voltage, the voltage regulation module is further configured to clamp the load line at a clamping voltage to limit the regulated voltage output by the voltage regulation module from falling below a predetermined device minimum operation voltage when the monitored current exceeds a device maximum current value. The voltage regulation module is further configured to output electrical power at the regulated voltage to the processor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computing device, comprising: a processor; a primary power supply; and a voltage regulation module configured to: receive electrical power from the primary power supply; determine a load line for an electrical load of the processor based on a load line definition stored at the voltage regulation module, the load line definition defining a voltage-current relationship of the load line, which includes a value of a clamping voltage for the load line; monitor a voltage and a current to the processor via respective voltage and current sensing loops; while monitoring the voltage and current, regulate the voltage to the processor to trend toward a voltage setpoint defined by the load line for the monitored current; while regulating the voltage, clamp the load line at the clamping voltage defined by the load line definition to limit the regulated voltage output by the voltage regulation module from falling below a predetermined device minimum operation voltage when the monitored current exceeds a device maximum current value; and output electrical power at the regulated voltage to the processor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage regulation module is programmed to set and/or change the value of the clamping voltage on the load line via a register command. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the value of the clamping voltage on the load line is equal to a constant voltage value at the device maximum current value. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the value of the clamping voltage on the load line is equal to a value of the device minimum operation voltage. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the processor includes voltage identification logic configured to communicate a voltage identification to the voltage regulation module, and the voltage regulation module determines the maximum voltage setpoint based upon the voltage identification; and wherein the maximum voltage value is computed by subtracting an offset from the voltage identification value or by machine learning. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein to determine the load line, the voltage regulation module sets a value of a slope of the load line. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the load line between a maximum voltage value at which there is no load and a minimum voltage value at the predetermined device minimum operation voltage is defined as a linear load response. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the load line between a maximum voltage value at which there is no load and a minimum voltage value at the predetermined device minimum operation voltage is defined as a nonlinear load response. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The computing device according to claim 1, wherein the computing device is configured as a device selected from the group consisting of game console, personal computer, server, and portable electronic device. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) The computing device according to claim 2, wherein the voltage regulation module is configured to store one or more programmable values of the clamping voltage that correlate to one or more power states utilized by the device. ### Claim 11 A method for a computing device comprising a processor, a primary power supply, and a voltage regulation module, the method comprising: at the voltage regulation module: receiving electrical power from the primary power supply; determining a load line for an electrical load of the processor based on a load line definition stored at the voltage regulation module, the load line definition defining a voltage-current relationship of the load line, which includes a value of a clamping voltage for the load line; monitoring a voltage and a current to the processor via respective voltage and current sensing loops; while monitoring the voltage and current, regulating the voltage to the processor to trend toward a voltage setpoint defined by the load line for the monitored current; while regulating the voltage, clamping the load line at the clamping voltage defined by the load line definition to limit the regulated voltage output by the voltage regulation module from falling below a predetermined device minimum operation voltage when the monitored current exceeds a device maximum current value; and outputting electrical power at the regulated voltage to the processor. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: configuring the voltage regulation module to be programmable to set and/or change the value of the clamping voltage on the load line via a register command. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, the method further comprising: configuring the voltage regulation module to set the value of the clamping voltage on the load line to be equal to a constant voltage value at a device maximum current value. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The method according to claim 12, the method further comprising: configuring the voltage regulation module to set the value of the clamping voltage on the load line to be equal to the device minimum operation voltage. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: communicating a voltage identification from voltage identification logic of the processor to the voltage regulation module, and determining, by the voltage regulation module, the maximum voltage setpoint based upon the voltage identification; and computing the maximum voltage value by sub subtracting an offset from the voltage identification value or by machine learning. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: configuring the voltage regulation module to set a value of a slope of the load line. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: defining the load line between a maximum voltage value at which there is no load and a minimum voltage value equal to the predetermined device minimum operation voltage as a linear load response. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: defining the load line between a maximum voltage value at which there is no load and a minimum voltage value equal to the predetermined device minimum operation voltage as a nonlinear load response. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The method according to claim 11, the method further comprising: configuring the computing device as a device selected from the group consisting of game console, personal computer, server, and portable electronic device. ### Claim 20 A computing device, comprising: a processor; a primary power supply; and a voltage regulation module configured to: receive electrical power from the primary power supply; determine a load line for an electrical load of the processor based on a load line definition stored at the voltage regulation module, the load line definition defining a voltage-current relationship of the load line, which includes a value of a clamping voltage for the load line; monitor a voltage and a current to the processor via respective voltage and current sensing loops; while monitoring the voltage and current, regulate the voltage to the processor to trend toward a voltage setpoint defined by the load line for the monitored current; while regulating the voltage, clamp the load line at the clamping voltage defined by the load line definition to limit the regulated voltage output by the voltage regulation module from falling below a predetermined device minimum operation voltage when the monitored current exceeds a device maximum current value; and output electrical power at the regulated voltage to the processor; wherein the processor includes voltage identification logic configured to communicate a voltage identification to the voltage regulation module, and the voltage regulation module determines the maximum voltage setpoint based upon the voltage identification; and wherein the load line between a maximum voltage value at which there is no load and a minimum voltage value at the predetermined device minimum operation voltage is defined as a nonlinear load response.