# US 10,502,918 B1 · Flexible data center infrastructure distribution > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,502,918 B1 - Document ID: US10502918B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/112,501 - Filed: 2018-08-24 - Granted: 2019-12-10 - Earliest claimed: 2014-09-02 - Assignees: Amazon Technologies, Inc. - Applicants: Amazon Technologies, Inc. - Inventors: Osvaldo P. Morales; Brock Robert Gardner - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10502918B1 ## CPC - H04L 41/145: {involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network} - G02B 6/4479: {Manufacturing methods of optical cables} - G06F 1/16: Constructional details or arrangements - H05K 7/1485: {Servers; Data center rooms, e.g. 19-inch computer racks} - H05K 7/1487: {Blade assemblies, e.g. blade cases or inner arrangements within a blade} - H05K 7/1491: {having cable management arrangements (management of optical cables G02B6/444; in telecommunication cabinets H04Q1/06)} - H05K 7/1492: {having electrical distribution arrangements, e.g. power supply or data communications} - H05K 7/1494: {having hardware for monitoring blades, e.g. keyboards, displays (methods or software therefore H05K7/1498)} - H05K 7/1498: {Resource management, Optimisation arrangements, e.g. configuration, identification, tracking, physical location (thermal management H05K7/20836)} - H05K 7/18: Construction of rack or frame - H05K 7/20709: {for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks} - H05K 7/20736: {within cabinets for removing heat from server blades} - H05K 7/1497: {Rooms for data centers; Shipping containers therefor} - Y10T 29/49119: Brush - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - H05K: PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A data center includes various sets of infrastructure modules which each provide a particular type of infrastructure support to support computing operations in the data center. Separate sets of infrastructure modules can be installed incrementally based on incrementally changing support capacity for the corresponding type of infrastructure support in the data center. Such incrementally changing support capacity can be based upon support requirements of electrical loads, including rack computer systems, which are inbound to the data center. Where support capacity for a particular type of infrastructure support drops below a threshold, a quantity of additional infrastructure modules which provide the particular type of infrastructure support can be selected and installed to increase the support capacity. Separate sets of infrastructure modules can be selected and installed independently of each other, to independently adjust support capacity for separate types of infrastructure support, which can minimize excess support capacity at any given time. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of providing infrastructure capacity to support incrementally installed computing capacity at a data center, the method comprising: monitoring support capacity for each of a plurality of types of infrastructure support systems; determining that support capacity of a particular type of infrastructure system will fall below a threshold support capacity upon installation of an incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center; and concurrently installing at the data center, with the installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity, an infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure system, wherein the infrastructure module has a support capacity that is sufficient to support the incremental amount of compute capacity being installed at the data center without providing additional support capacity for other ones of the plurality of types of infrastructure support systems at the data center. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity being installed at the data center comprises one or more racks of rack computer systems; the particular type of infrastructure system is a power support system configured to distribute electrical power, from an electrical power source, to rack computer systems in the data center; and concurrently installing the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises installing a sub-aisle length power busway segment configured to couple with one or more other sub-aisle length power busway segments to supply power to the one or more racks of rack computer systems being installed at the data center. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity being installed at the data center comprises one or more racks of rack computer systems; the particular type of infrastructure system is a power support system that distributes electrical power to rack computer systems in the data center, and concurrently installing the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises installing an electrical power module comprising one or more of: a utility transformer, a backup power system, a switching device, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), or a power distribution unit (PDU), each mounted on a common substructure, wherein the electrical power module constitutes a skid configured to be installed as a single unit, and wherein the electrical power module provides electrical power support capacity to the one or more racks of rack computer systems being installed at the data center. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity being installed at the data center comprises one or more racks of rack computer systems; the particular type of infrastructure system is a cooling system that removes waste heat from rack computer systems in the data center, and concurrently installing the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises installing an air handling module, wherein the air handling module is configured to provide an incremental amount of cooling air flow in the data center to provide an incremental amount of cooling support in the data center for the one or more racks of computer systems being installed in the data center. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, further comprising: installing the air handling module in a port of an air handling array of a fan-wall of the data center. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining one or more racks of computer systems that will provide the incremental amount of computing capacity are inbound to the data center; and in response to determining the one or more rack of computer systems are inbound to the data center, ordering the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure system to be installed at the data center. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, further comprising: determining that support capacity for the plurality of types of infrastructure systems will not fall below respective threshold support capacities for the plurality of types of infrastructure systems upon installation of another incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center; and refraining from ordering any infrastructure modules to be installed at the data center concurrent with installation of the other incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity being installed at the data center comprises two or more rows of racks that populate a compute zone of the data center; and concurrently installing the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises installing an infrastructure module with an incremental support capacity proportional to support the compute zone of the data center. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising: determining that network communication support capacity of a network infrastructure system will fall below a threshold support capacity upon installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center; and concurrently installing at the data center, with the installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity, a network communication infrastructure module having a support capacity that is sufficient to support the incremental amount of compute capacity being installed at the data center. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein: the particular type of infrastructure system for which it is determined that the support capacity will fall below the threshold support capacity is a cooling system that removes waste heat from rack computer systems in the data center, and concurrently installing the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises installing a fan wall to support the compute zone, wherein the fan wall is configured to incrementally accept air handling modules in ports of an air handling array of the fan wall to provide incremental amounts of cooling air flow in the data center as computing systems are installed in the two or more racks of the compute zone. ### Claim 11 A method of providing infrastructure to support incrementally installed computing capacity in a data center, the method comprising: monitoring support capacity for a network system; determining that network capacity will fall below a threshold support capacity upon installation of an incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center; and concurrently installing at the data center, with the installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity, a network communication infrastructure module, wherein the network communication infrastructure module has an incremental support capacity proportional to the incremental amount of computing capacity being installed at the data center. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity comprises two or more rows of racks that populate a compute zone of the data center; and the network communication infrastructure module comprises a main distribution frame sized to provide networking support to a network zone corresponding to the compute zone. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein: the incremental amount of computing capacity comprises one or more racks of computer systems; and the network communication infrastructure module comprises a network switch device to be installed in a row with the one or more racks of computer systems, wherein the network switch device is sized to provide networking support to a portion of the row of racks. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, further comprising: installing the network switch device in one or more rack positions in the row, wherein the rack positions are proximate to a central portion of the row; and connecting the network switch device to computing systems in the one or more racks of the row via just-in-time cabling having lengths minimally sufficient to connect the network switch device to the computing systems in the one or more racks of the row. ### Claim 15 A system, comprising: a data center; an inventory site; one or more computer systems, the one or more computer systems comprising at least one memory storing program instructions and at least one hardware processor configured to execute the program instructions to implement a computing capacity deployment system configured to determine an incremental amount of computing capacity is to be installed at the data center to satisfy demand for computing capacity; and one or more other computer systems, the one or more other computer systems comprising at least one memory storing program instructions and at least one hardware processor configured to execute the program instructions to implement an infrastructure capacity distribution system configured to: determine whether support capacity of various types of infrastructure systems of the data center will fall below a threshold support capacity upon installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center; and order an infrastructure module for a particular type of infrastructure support system that is stored at the inventory site be installed in the data center in response to determining that support capacity for the particular type of infrastructure support system will fall below the threshold support capacity upon the installation of the incremental amount of computing capacity at the data center, wherein the inventory site comprises a plurality of infrastructure modules each having an incremental support capacity for a particular type of infrastructure support system that is proportional to an incremental amount of compute capacity being installed at the data center without providing additional support capacity for other ones of the plurality of types of infrastructure support systems. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system is an electrical power module, comprising one or more of: a utility transformer, a backup power system, a switching device, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), or a power distribution unit (PDU), each mounted on a common substructure, wherein the electrical power module constitutes a skid configured to be installed as a single unit. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system is a sub-aisle length power busway segment configured to couple with one or more other sub-aisle length power busway segments. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system is an air handling module, wherein the air handling module is configured to provide an incremental amount of cooling air flow in the data center to provide an incremental amount of cooling support in the data center. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the air handling module couples in a port of an air handling array of a fan-wall of the data center to provide the incremental amount of cooling air flow in the data center. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the infrastructure module for the particular type of infrastructure support system comprises a fan wall configured to support two or more rows of racks, wherein the fan wall is configured to incrementally accept air handling modules in ports of an air handling array of the fan wall to provide incremental amounts of cooling air flow in the data center as computing systems are installed in the two or more racks.