# US 10,502,801 B2 · Method and magnetic resonance apparatus for generating a weighting matrix for reducing artifacts with parallel imaging

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- Number: US 10,502,801 B2
- Document ID: US10502801B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/890,539
- Filed: 2018-02-07
- Published: 2018-08-09
- Granted: 2019-12-10
- Earliest claimed: 2017-02-07
- Assignees: Siemens Healthcare GmbH
- Applicants: Siemens Healthcare GmbH
- Inventors: Mario Zeller
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10502801B2

## CPC

- G01R 33/5602: {by filtering or weighting based on different relaxation times within the sample, e.g. T1 weighting using an inversion pulse}
- G01R 33/34092: {RF coils specially adapted for NMR spectrometers}
- G01R 33/3671: {involving modulation of the quality factor of the RF coil (G01R33/3642 takes precedence)}
- G01R 33/4812: {MR combined with X-ray or computed tomography [CT]}
- G01R 33/543: {Control of the operation of the MR system, e.g. setting of acquisition parameters prior to or during MR data acquisition, dynamic shimming, use of one or more scout images for scan plane prescription (G01R33/546 takes precedence)}
- G01R 33/5608: {Data processing and visualization specially adapted for MR, e.g. for feature analysis and pattern recognition on the basis of measured MR data, segmentation of measured MR data, edge contour detection on the basis of measured MR data, for enhancing measured MR data in terms of signal-to-noise ratio by means of noise filtering or apodization, for enhancing measured MR data in terms of resolution by means for deblurring, windowing, zero filling, or generation of gray-scaled images, colour-coded images or images displaying vectors instead of pixels (image data processing or generation, in general G06T)}
- G01R 33/5611: {Parallel magnetic resonance imaging, e.g. sensitivity encoding [SENSE], simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics [SMASH], unaliasing by Fourier encoding of the overlaps using the temporal dimension [UNFOLD], k-t-broad-use linear acquisition speed-up technique [k-t-BLAST], k-t-SENSE (structural details of arrays of sub-coils G01R33/3415)}
- G01R 33/5612: {Parallel RF transmission, i.e. RF pulse transmission using a plurality of independent transmission channels}
- G01R 33/56563: {caused by a distortion of the main magnetic field B0, e.g. temporal variation of the magnitude or spatial inhomogeneity of B0 (G01R33/56509, G01R33/56518, G01R33/56536 take precedence)}
- G01R 33/56572: {caused by a distortion of a gradient magnetic field, e.g. non-linearity of a gradient magnetic field (G01R33/56509, G01R33/56518, G01R33/56536 take precedence)}
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)

## Abstract

In a magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus and an operating method therefor, the MR apparatus has multiple reception coils each having an associated reception channel, a reference dataset is obtained from an examination volume of a subject, wherein the reference dataset completely fills a region of k-space. In a computer, a subregion of the examination volume is determined that has a lower homogeneity than other subregions of the examination volume, and the computer also determines at least one of the reception channels in which raw data signals are received that have a higher intensity in the determined subregion than others of the reception channels. The computer calculates a weighting matrix, in which signals, the determined reception channel are given a lower weighting than signals from the other channels. The weighting matrix is then applied to diagnostic data acquired with parallel imaging using the multiple reception coils and channels.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for operating a magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus utilizing a control computer and MR data acquisition scanner having a plurality of reception coils, with each reception coil having an associated reception channel, said method comprising:
in said computer, operating said MR data acquisition scanner to acquire a reference dataset of a recording volume of an examination subject situated in the MR data acquisition scanner, with said reference dataset being entered into a memory organized as k-space so that said reference dataset completely fills at least one segment of k-space;
in said computer, determining a first subregion of the recording volume, in which at least one component of the MR data acquisition scanner has a lower homogeneity than in a second subregion of the recording volume;
in said computer, determining a first reception channel, among said plurality of reception channels, that supplies, to said computer, acquired signals having a higher signal intensity in said first subregion than others of said plurality of reception channels;
in said computer, using said reference dataset to calculate a weighting matrix in which said first reception channel is given a lower weighting than said other reception channels;
in said computer, operating said MR data acquisition scanner in order to acquire diagnostic MR data from said recording volume with parallel imaging, wherein respective MR diagnostic datasets are individually acquired by said plurality of reception coils and provided to the computer respectively via said plurality of reception channels, and entering said diagnostic MR data into said memory organized as k-space;
in said computer, applying said weighting matrix to said diagnostic MR data in k-space acquired with said parallel imaging, in order to determine points in k-space that were not filled in said parallel imaging; and
in said computer, reconstructing image data from said diagnostic MR data and the points in k-space determined with said weighting matrix, and making the image data available from the computer in electronic form, as a data file.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising, in said computer, reducing the signal intensity of said first reception channel by a factor of at least 1.2 compared to respective signal intensities of said other reception channels, and calculating said weighting matrix using said reduced signal intensity for said first reception channel.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A method as claimed in claim 2 comprising, in said computer, adding artificial noise to signals having said reduced intensity before calculating said weighting matrix.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising filtering the signal intensity in said first reception channel with a smoothing filter before calculating said weighting matrix.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising, in said computer, replacing the signal intensity in said first reception channel with artificial noise, and calculating said weighting matrix with said artificial noise in said first reception channel.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising determining said first reception channel using identification data for said recording volume.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising determining the identification data using parallel sensitivity data respectively for said plurality of reception coils.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising determining said identification data from MR raw data intensities for a completely filled MR raw dataset entered in k-space with a lower resolution than the image data calculated by applying said weighting matrix in said parallel imaging.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising determining said identification data from identified regions of said recording volume from a previous scan or examination.

### Claim 10 (depends on 6)

A method as claimed in claim 6 comprising determining said identification data from calculations or simulations based on previous knowledge of said examination object and physical properties of said MR data acquisition scanner.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising, with said computer, operating said MR data acquisition scanner to execute said parallel imaging with a phase encoding direction selected so that said first subregion of said recording volume is situated farther from an isocenter of said MR data acquisition scanner than said second subregion, with said first subregion being connected to said second subregion in said phase encoding direction.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising displaying an image represented by said image data at a display screen in communication with said computer.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising, in said computer, determining said first subregion in said recording volume as a subregion of said recording volume wherein a relationship between physical location in said MR data acquisition scanner, and the Larmor frequency of nuclear spins, differs from a reference value by more than 10%.

### Claim 14

A magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus comprising:
an MR acquisition scanner comprising a plurality of reception coils, each having an associated reception channel;
a computer configured to operate said MR data acquisition scanner to acquire a reference dataset of a recording volume of an examination subject situated in the MR data acquisition scanner, with said reference dataset being entered into a memory organized as k-space so that said reference dataset completely fills at least one segment of k-space;
said computer being configured to determine a first subregion of the recording volume, in which at least one component of the MR data acquisition scanner has a lower homogeneity than in a second subregion of the recording volume;
said computer being configured to determine a first reception channel, among said plurality of reception channel, that supplies, to said computer, acquired signals having a higher signal intensity in said first subregion than others of said plurality of reception channels;
said computer being configured to use said reference dataset to calculate a weighting matrix in which said first reception channel is given a lower weighting than said other reception channels;
said computer being configured to operate said MR data acquisition scanner in order to acquire MR diagnostic data from said recording volume with parallel imaging, wherein respective MR diagnostic datasets are individually acquired by said plurality of reception coils and provided to the computer respectively via said plurality of reception channels, and enter said diagnostic MR data into said memory organized as k-space;
said computer being configured to apply said weighting matrix to said diagnostic MR data in k-space acquired with said parallel imaging, in order to determine points in k-space that were not filled in said parallel imaging; and
said computer being configured to reconstruct image data from said diagnostic MR data and the points in k-space determined with said weighting matrix, and to make the image data available from the computer in electronic form, as a data file.

### Claim 15

A non-transitory, computer-readable data storage medium encoded with programming instructions, said storage medium being loaded into a computer system of a magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus comprising an MR data acquisition scanner having a plurality of reception coils, each with an associated reception channel, said programming instructions causing said computer system to:
operate said MR data acquisition scanner to acquire a reference dataset of a recording volume of an examination subject situated in the MR data acquisition scanner, with said reference dataset being entered into a memory organized as k-space so that said reference dataset completely fills at least one segment of k-space;
determine a first subregion of the recording volume, in which at least one component of the MR data acquisition scanner has a lower homogeneity than in a second subregion of the recording volume;
determine a first reception channel, among said plurality of reception channel, that supplies, to said computer, acquired signals having a higher signal intensity in said first subregion than others of said plurality of reception channels;
use said reference dataset to calculate a weighting matrix in which said first reception channel is given a lower weighting than said other reception channels;
operate said MR data acquisition scanner in order to acquire MR diagnostic data from said recording volume with parallel imaging, wherein respective MR diagnostic datasets are individually acquired by said plurality of reception coils and provided to the computer respectively via said plurality of reception channels, and enter said diagnostic MR data into said memory organized as k-space;
apply said weighting matrix to said diagnostic MR data in k-space acquired with said parallel imaging, in order to determine points in k-space that were not filled in said parallel imaging; and
reconstruct image data from said diagnostic MR data and the points in k-space determined with said weighting matrix and make the image data available from the computer in electronic form, as a data file.