# US 10,502,414 B2 · Oxygen carrying materials > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,502,414 B2 - Document ID: US10502414B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/685,951 - Filed: 2017-08-24 - Published: 2017-12-28 - Granted: 2019-12-10 - Earliest claimed: 2011-05-11 - Assignees: Ohio State Innovation Foundation - Applicants: Ohio State Innovation Foundation - Inventors: Liang-Shih Fan; Deepak Sridhar; Fanxing Li - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10502414B2 ## CPC - F23C 13/08: characterised by the catalytic material - F23C 10/04: the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone - F23C 99/00: Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass - F23C 2900/99008: Unmixed combustion, i.e. without direct mixing of oxygen gas and fuel, but using the oxygen from a metal oxide, e.g. FeO - Y02E 20/34: Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery - F23C: METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN {A CARRIER GAS OR} AIR (burners F23D) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, an oxygen carrying material may include a primary active mass, a primary support material, and a secondary support material. The oxygen carrying material may include about 20% to about 70% by weight of the primary active mass, the primary active mass including a composition having a metal or metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sn, Ru, Rh, and combinations thereof. The oxygen carrying material may include about 5% to about 70% by weight of a primary support material. The oxygen carrying material may include about 1% to about 35% by mass of a secondary support material. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An oxygen carrying material comprising: 20% to 70% by weight of a primary active mass, the primary active mass comprising a composition having a metal or metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sn, Ru, Rh, and combinations thereof; 5% to 70% by weight of a primary support material, the primary support material comprising a composition having: (i) at least one metal, metal oxide, metal carbide, metal nitrate, metal halide, or combinations thereof, wherein the at least one metal, metal oxide, metal carbide, metal nitrate, or metal halide comprise metal elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Th, and combinations thereof; (ii) at least one ceramic or clay material, or salts thereof; (iii) at least one naturally occurring ore; or (iv) combinations thereof; and 1% to 35% by mass of a secondary support material, the secondary support material comprises a composition having: (i) at least one metal, metal oxide, metal carbide, metal nitrate, metal halide, or combinations thereof, wherein the at least one metal, metal oxide, metal carbide, metal nitrate, or metal halide comprise metal elements selected from the group consisting of Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Th, and combinations thereof; (ii) at least one ceramic or clay material or salts thereof; (iii) at least one naturally occurring ore; or (iv) combinations thereof; wherein the primary support material composition and the secondary support material composition are different. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material contains between 30% and 65% by mass of the primary active mass, the oxygen carrying material contains between 30% and 60% by mass of the primary support material, and the oxygen carrying material contains between 5% and 25% by mass of the secondary support material. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the primary active mass comprises an oxide of Fe. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the primary support material comprises an oxide of Ti. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the secondary support material comprises an oxide of Mg. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material further comprises a binder material. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material further comprises ash. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material further comprises a promoter. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The oxygen carrying material of claim 8, wherein the promoter comprises mixed metals, metal oxides, metal nitrites, metal halides, metal carbides, or combinations thereof. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material is formed into particles and substantially all of the particles have a diameter between 0.5 mm and 7 mm. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the primary active mass comprises at least two different metal oxides selected from the group comprising metal oxides of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sn, Ru, Rh. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material does not lose more than 5% of its carrying capacity when exposed to 100redox cycles. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the oxygen carrying material becomes mechanically stronger when exposed about 10 redox cycles. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The oxygen carrying material of claim 1, wherein the primary active mass comprises an oxide of Fe, the primary support material comprises an oxide of Ti, the oxygen carrying material contains between 30% and 65% by mass of the primary active mass, the oxygen carrying material contains between 30% and 60% by mass of the primary support material, and the oxygen carrying material contains between 5% and 25% by mass of the secondary support material. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) A system for converting fuel comprising: an oxygen carrying material of claim 1; a first reactor comprising a moving bed and an inlet for providing fuel to the first reactor, wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the oxygen carrying material with the fuel to produce a reduced oxygen carrying material; and a second reactor communicating with the first reactor and an oxygen source, wherein the second reactor is configured to regenerate the oxygen carrying material by oxidizing the oxygen carrying material. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system for converting fuel of claim 15, wherein the oxygen carrying material does not lose more than about 5% of its carrying capacity when exposed to about 100 redox cycles. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The system for converting fuel of claim of claim 15, further comprising a third reactor, wherein the third reactor is situated between the first reactor and the second reactor and in communicating with the first reactor and the second reactor, and is configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced oxygen carrying material from said first reactor to produce an oxygen carrying material intermediate and hydrogen. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) A method for synthesizing oxygen carrying material of claim 1 comprising: forming a matrix comprising a primary active mass, a primary support, and a secondary support; drying the matrix; and forming the matrix into particles of the oxygen.