# US 10,500,979 B1 · Charging system utilizing excess grid electricity > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,500,979 B1 - Document ID: US10500979B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 15/639,680 - Filed: 2017-06-30 - Granted: 2019-12-10 - Earliest claimed: 2017-06-30 - Applicants: Suljo Pirija - Inventors: Suljo Pirija - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10500979B1 ## CPC - H02J 7/02: for charging batteries from AC mains by converters - B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer - B60L 53/63: in response to network capacity - B60L 53/67: Controlling two or more charging stations - B60L 53/68: Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control - B60L 53/80: Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries - H02J 3/14: by switching loads on to, or off from, the networks, e.g. progressively balanced loading - H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially - H02J 7/751: {concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries} - H02J 2105/37: exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV] - H02J 2105/51: {according to a condition being electrical} - H02J 2105/52: for limitation of the power consumption in the networks or in one section of the networks, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving - Y02B 70/3225: Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving - Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors - Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations - Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles - Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles - Y02T 90/167: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV] - Y04S 10/126: the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G] - Y04S 20/222: Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving - Y04S 30/12: Remote or cooperative charging - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract An electric vehicle charging system, for use with an electric grid having live conductors including a charging conductor, and a neutral conductor. The electric grid has a grid usage level and a grid capacity. The charging system includes a plurality of stages that each include a battery charger for charging an electric vehicle battery, a controller, and a charging relay. A current sensing unit inductively measures the current on the charging conductor and provides a sensed current to the controllers. When the grid usage level is low the battery chargers on all stages are active. As the grid usage increases toward peak usage, in response to an increase in the sensed current, the controllers consecutively deactivate the battery chargers at predetermined threshold levels. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A charging system, for charging electric vehicle batteries, comprising: an electrical grid, having three live conductors and one neutral conductor, one of said live conductors is designated the charging live conductor, the electrical grid having a grid usage level, a peak usage level, and a grid capacity; a current sensing unit having an inductive loop that encircles the charging live conductor such that a sensed current is magnetically induced in the inductive loop in proportion to electricity flowing through the charging live conductor, the current sensing unit also having a bridge rectifier for producing a DC sensed current from the sensed current; a plurality of stages connected to the charging live conductor, each stage having a battery charger, each battery charger adapted to connect to and charge one of the electric vehicle batteries, each stage further having a charging relay having poles and a coil, the poles of the charging relay selectively connecting the battery charger to the live conductor, and a controller connected to the DC sensed current and having an enabling output connected to the coil of said relay, the controller providing an enabling output to energize the coil and disconnect the charger from the live conductor when the DC sensed current reaches a predetermined threshold, wherein the predetermined threshold for each of the stages is different so battery charging occurs on all of the battery chargers when grid usage level is low and that the battery chargers associated with the different stages are consecutively deactivated as the grid usage level increases. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The charging system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a step down transformer having a primary input connected to the charging live conductor and the neutral conductor, and a secondary output selectively connected to the battery chargers through their associated charging relays. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The charging system as recited in claim 2, wherein the battery chargers are all active when the DC sensed current measures 0 mV, all deactivated at a peak usage sensed current, and are consecutively deactivated in steps equal to the peak usage sensed current divided by the number of stages. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The charging system as recited in claim 2, wherein the plurality of stages further comprises at least five stages, wherein a peak usage sensed current is measured by the current sensing unit during peak usage of the electrical grid, wherein a step level is the peak usage sensed current divided by the number of stages, wherein the battery charger for one of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at two times the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at three times the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at four times the step level, and the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at five times the step level. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The charging system as recited in claim 4, further comprising a tracking computer, connected to the bridge rectifier and to the controllers, for measuring the DC sensed current and tracking activation and deactivation of the controllers alongside the DC sensed current. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The charging system as recited in claim 2, wherein the current sensing unit and plurality of stages as recited is triplicated, wherein each such current sensing unit and plurality of stages is provided for each of the live conductors such that one of said live conductors serves as the charging live conductor for its associated current sensing unit and plurality of stages. ### Claim 7 A charging system, for charging electric vehicle batteries using an electrical grid, having three live conductors and one neutral conductor, the electrical grid having a grid usage level, a peak usage level, and a grid capacity, comprising: a current sensing unit having an inductive loop that is adapted to encircle one of the live conductors, designated as a charging live conductor, such that a sensed current is magnetically induced in the inductive loop in proportion to electricity flowing through the charging live conductor; a step down transformer having a primary input adapted to connect to the charging live conductor and the neutral conductor, and a secondary output selectively connected to the battery chargers through their associated charging relays; a plurality of stages connected to the secondary output, each stage having a battery charger, each battery charger adapted to connect to and charge one of the electric vehicle batteries, each stage further having a charging relay having poles and a coil, the poles of the charging relay selectively connecting the battery charger to the live conductor, and a controller connected to the sensed current and having an enabling output connected to the coil of said relay, the controller providing an enabling output to energize the coil and disconnect the charger from the live conductor when the sensed current reaches a predetermined threshold, wherein the predetermined threshold for each of the stages is different so battery charging occurs on all of the battery chargers when grid usage level is low and that the battery chargers associated with the different stages are consecutively deactivated as the grid usage level increases. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The charging system as recited in claim 7, wherein the current sensing unit, step down transformer, and plurality of stages as recited is triplicated, wherein each such current sensing unit and plurality of stages is provided for each of the live conductors such that one of said live conductors is adapted to serve as the charging live conductor for its associated current sensing unit and plurality of stages. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The charging system as recited in claim 8, wherein the current sensing unit also having a bridge rectifier for producing a DC sensed current from the sensed current. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The charging system as recited in claim 9, wherein the battery chargers are all active when the DC sensed current measures 0 mV, all deactivated at a peak usage sensed current, and are consecutively deactivated in steps equal to the peak usage sensed current divided by the number of stages. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The charging system as recited in claim 9, wherein the plurality of stages further comprises at least five stages, wherein a peak usage sensed current is measured by the current sensing unit during peak usage of the electrical grid, wherein a step level is the peak usage sensed current divided by the number of stages, wherein the battery charger for one of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at two times the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at three times the step level, the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at four times the step level, and the battery charger for another of the stages is deactivated when the sensed current is at five times the step level. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The charging system as recited in claim 11, further comprising a tracking computer, connected to the bridge rectifier and to the controllers, for measuring the DC sensed current and tracking activation and deactivation of the controllers alongside the DC sensed current.