# US 10,500,609 B2 · Process for coating of articles

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- Number: US 10,500,609 B2
- Document ID: US10500609B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/736,776
- Filed: 2016-06-17
- Published: 2018-06-21
- Granted: 2019-12-10
- Earliest claimed: 2015-06-17
- Assignees: Master Dynamic Limited
- Applicants: Master Dynamic Limited
- Inventors: Yingnan Wang; Zhuonan Miao; Ching Tom Kong; Woon Ming Lau; Sui Kong Hark; Ka Wai Wong
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10500609B2

## CPC

- B05D 1/38: with intermediate treatment (intermediate treatment per se B05D3/00)
- A01N 33/12: Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N 37/02: Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
- A01N 43/16: with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
- B05D 3/107: {Post-treatment of applied coatings}
- C07C 323/52: the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C08J 3/24: Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules (mechanical aspects B29C35/00; crosslinking agents C08K)
- C08J 3/28: Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08J 7/18: using wave energy or particle radiation
- C08L 5/08: Chitin; Chondroitin sulfate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof
- C08L 39/00: Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C23C 14/024: {Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating (C23C14/027 takes precedence)}
- C23C 14/14: Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C 14/225: {Oblique incidence of vaporised material on substrate}
- C23C 14/30: by electron bombardment
- C23C 14/34: Sputtering
- C23C 14/505: {for rotation of the substrates}
- C23C 16/4584: {the substrate being rotated}
- C23C 16/503: using DC or AC discharges
- C23C 16/505: using radio frequency discharges
- C23C 16/511: using microwave discharges
- B05D 1/185: {applying monomolecular layers (B05D1/204 takes precedence)}
- B05D 1/36: Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
- B05D 2201/02: Polymeric substrate
- B05D 2202/40: based on other transition elements
- B05D 2203/30: Other inorganic substrates, e.g. ceramics, silicon
- B05D 2350/60: Adding a layer before coating
- B05D 2518/00: Other type of polymers
- B05D: PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G49/02)
- A01N: PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF (preservation of food or foodstuff A23); BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES (preparations for medical, dental or toiletry purposes which kill or prevent the growth or proliferation of unwanted organisms A61K); PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- C07C: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06)
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)

## Abstract

A process of providing an antibacterial coating to the surface of an article including the steps of applying a layer of an antibacterial precursor layer to the surface of an article to which an antibacterial coating is to be applied, wherein said antibacterial precursor layer is a precursor from which the coating is to be formed; and directing a neutral molecular hydrogen flux from a neutral molecular hydrogen flux emission source towards the surface of the article. Upon impact of neutral hydrogen molecules on molecules at or on the surface of an article, the bonds of the antibacterial precursor layer are selectively ruptured, and wherein the selectively ruptured bonds cross-link with themselves or with other chemical moieties at said surface or a combination thereof, resulting an antibacterial coating being formed on the surface of the article.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process of providing an antibacterial coating to a surface of an article, said process including the steps of:
(i) applying a layer of an antibacterial precursor layer to the surface of an article to which an antibacterial coating is to be applied, wherein said antibacterial precursor layer is a precursor from which the coating is to be formed; and
(ii) directing a neutral molecular hydrogen flux from a neutral molecular hydrogen flux emission source towards the surface of the article;
wherein upon impact of neutral hydrogen molecules on molecules at or on the surface of an article, the bonds of the antibacterial precursor layer are selectively ruptured, and wherein the selectively ruptured bonds cross-link with themselves or with other chemical moieties at said surface or a combination thereof, resulting an antibacterial coating being formed on the surface of the article,
wherein the process further includes the step of applying at least a first layer precursor to the surface of the article, wherein the first layer precursor is applied to the surface of the article prior to application of the antibacterial layer precursor to the article and disposed between the surface of the article and the antibacterial layer precursor, and
wherein the first layer precursor is formed from 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid, and wherein the first layer precursor is applied to the surface of the article by providing a first layer precursor solution of 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid in solution, and whereby the article is dipped in the 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid solution for a predetermined amount of time and removed wherein upon drying the first layer precursor is formed on the article.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the selectively ruptured bonds any one or combination of C—H bonds, Si—H bonds.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein upon neutral molecular hydrogen flux from the neutral molecular hydrogen flux emission source being directed towards the surface of the article, bonds of the material of the first layer precursor are selectively ruptured and cross-link with other chemical moieties at the surface of the article.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein ruptured bonds of the antibacterial precursor layer cross-link with the first layer upon neutral molecular hydrogen flux from the neutral molecular hydrogen flux emission source being directed towards the surface of the article.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the first layer precursor forms a monolayer on the surface of the article.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the first layer precursor forms an optically transparent layer.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the first layer precursor solution is 50 Mm 11-Mercaptoundecanoic acid in ethanol.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial precursor layer is provided by an antibacterial precursor solution including an antibacterial compound.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial compound is Chitosan.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The process according to claim 8, wherein the antibacterial precursor solution is a solution including Chitosan, a polymer, an acid and a surfactant.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The process according to claim 8, wherein the antibacterial precursor solution is formed from Chitosan, Polyquaternium-6, Acetic Acid, and Tween 20 in deionized water.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The process according to claim 8, wherein the antibacterial precursor solution is formed from Chitosan and Polyquaternium-6 in a ratio of about 1:1, Acetic Acid and about 0.005 wt % Tween 20 in deionized water.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial coating applied to is a monolayer of molecules or layer of thickness on the molecular level.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial coating is optically transparent.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the article is formed from a metal or metal alloy,
wherein the surface of the article is formed from a precious metal including those selected from the group including gold, gold based alloy, silver, platinum or the like,
wherein the surface of the article is formed from a polymeric material, or wherein the surface of the article is formed from a silicon or silicon based material,
wherein the surface of the article is formed from a silicon or silicon based material.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the article is an item of jewellery,
wherein the article is a timepiece component,
wherein the article is a medical device, medical instrument, implant, hygiene instrument or the like, or
wherein the article a container, vessel, packaging material or the like.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

An article having an antibacterial coating applied thereto, wherein the antibacterial coating is applied to the article according to the process according to claim 1.