# US 10,500,582 B2 · Compositions of matter including solid carbon formed by reducing carbon oxides > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,500,582 B2 - Document ID: US10500582B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/357,955 - Filed: 2016-11-21 - Published: 2017-03-16 - Granted: 2019-12-10 - Earliest claimed: 2009-04-17 - Assignees: Seerstone LLC - Applicants: Seerstone LLC - Inventors: Dallas B. Noyes - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10500582B2 ## CPC - D01F 9/127: by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours {or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols} - B01J 23/745: Iron - B01J 35/58: Fabrics or filaments - B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites - B82Y 40/00: Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures - C01B 32/05: Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30 - C01B 32/162: characterised by catalysts - C01B 32/184: Preparation - C01B 32/205: Preparation - C09C 1/48: Carbon black - B01J 35/50: characterised by their shape or configuration - B01J 2235/30: Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy - C01P 2004/02: obtained by optical microscopy - Y02E 60/36: Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis - Y10T 428/2982: Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.] - D01F: CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - C09C: TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES (treatment of materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone C04B14/00, C04B18/00, C04B20/00); PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK {; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS} - C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A method for production of various morphologies of solid carbon product by reducing carbon oxides with a reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst. The carbon oxides are typically either carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. The reducing agent is typically either a hydrocarbon gas or hydrogen. The desired morphology of the solid carbon product may be controlled by the specific catalysts, reaction conditions, and optional additives used in the reduction reaction. The resulting solid carbon products have many commercial applications. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A composition of matter comprising entangled agglomerations of fibrous carbon on an iron-containing catalyst; wherein the entangled agglomerations of fibrous carbon are clustered with a characteristic dimension of less than 1 millimeter; wherein the fibrous carbon is formed by reacting carbon dioxide with a gaseous reducing agent in the presence of an iron-containing catalyst, at least some fibers of the fibrous carbon comprising a particle of the iron-containing catalyst embedded at an end thereof, the catalyst particle located at the end of the fiber in which it is embedded and having a diameter between about 1.3 and about 1.6 times a diameter of the carbon fiber; wherein the fibrous carbon comprises greater than about 3 weight percent iron, wherein the agglomerations of fibrous carbon comprise buckysphere partially merged with a tube structure of the fibrous carbon. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon exhibit a plurality of diameters and a plurality of lengths. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the bulbous or billowing conglomerations of fibrous carbon are easily felted. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the fibrous carbon comprises interlocked agglomerations dispersed in an ethanol solution. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the iron-containing catalyst comprises steel. ### Claim 6 A composition of matter comprising agglomerations of particles of solid carbon on an iron-containing catalyst; wherein the solid carbon is selected from the group consisting of pyrolytic graphite, carbon black, amorphous carbon, and buckminster fullerenes; wherein the agglomerations of particles of solid carbon are clustered with a characteristic dimension of less than 1 millimeter; wherein the solid carbon is formed by reacting carbon dioxide with a gaseous reducing agent in the presence of an iron-containing catalyst, at least some of the particles of solid carbon bonded to a particle of the iron-containing catalyst, the particle of the iron-containing catalyst embedded in an end of the particle of solid carbon and having a dimension between about 1.3 and about 1.6 times a dimension of the particle of solid carbon, wherein the particles of solid carbon comprise Buckminster fullerene merged with a tube structure of the solid carbon. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the particles of solid carbon exhibit a plurality of diameters. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the agglomerations of particles of solid carbon comprise bulbous or billowing conglomerations of solid carbon. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The composition of claim 8, wherein the bulbous or billowing conglomerations of solid carbon are easily felted. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, further comprising an ethanol solution in which the agglomerations of particles of solid carbon are dispersed. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the particles of solid carbon comprise buckminster fullerenes. ### Claim 12 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the particles of solid carbon comprise pyrolytic graphite. ### Claim 13 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the particles of solid carbon comprise carbon black. ### Claim 14 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the particles of solid carbon comprise amorphous carbon. ### Claim 15 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the iron-containing catalyst comprises stainless steel. ### Claim 16 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the iron-containing catalyst comprises particles formed from decomposition of iron oxide. ### Claim 17 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the iron-containing catalyst comprises a wire. ### Claim 18 (depends on 6) The composition of claim 6, wherein the iron-containing catalyst comprises steel wool.