# US 10,484,309 B2 · Channel access based on uplink virtual queues > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,484,309 B2 - Document ID: US10484309B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/610,046 - Filed: 2017-05-31 - Published: 2017-11-30 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-05-31 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Guoqing Li; Yoel Boger; Christiaan A. Hartman; Yong Liu; Oren Shani; Maksim Shmukler - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10484309B2 ## CPC - H04W 28/0278: {using buffer status reports (dynamic wireless traffic scheduling definition H04W72/12)} - H04W 72/21: in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network - H04L 5/0058: {Allocation criteria} - H04W 74/006: {in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal} - H04W 84/12: WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks] - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract An access point may receive, from a set of electronic devices, one or more buffer status reports that indicate that at least a subset of the electronic devices have uplink data associated with one or more access categories. In response, the access point may create a group of uplink virtual queues for one or more electronic devices in the subset based on the one or more buffer status reports, where a given uplink virtual queue corresponds to a particular access category and a given electronic device. The access point may start one or more backoff counters with a one-to-one correspondence to uplink virtual queues in the group of uplink virtual queues. When a backoff counter for the given uplink virtual queue reaches zero, the access point may transmit a trigger frame to an electronic device in the subset that corresponds to the given uplink virtual queue. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An access point, comprising: one or more nodes configured to communicatively couple to an antenna; and an interface circuit, communicatively coupled to the one or more nodes, configured to communicate with a set of electronic devices in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and configured to: receive, from the set of electronic devices, one or more buffer status reports that indicate that at least a subset of the set of electronic devices have uplink data, the uplink data having one or more associated access categories; create a group of uplink virtual queues for electronic devices in the subset based at least in part on the one or more buffer status reports, wherein a given uplink virtual queue corresponds to a particular access category for which there is pending uplink data at a given electronic device; start one or more backoff counters with a one-to-one correspondence to uplink virtual queues in the group of uplink virtual queues; transmit, when a given backoff counter for the given uplink virtual queue reaches a predefined count value, a trigger frame to an electronic device in the subset that corresponds to the given uplink virtual queue; and provide, to the electronic device during a target wake time (TWT) negotiation, a request that the electronic device disable transmissions during a subsequent TWT window. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein the trigger frame includes information specifying allocated resource units for the electronic device. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein the predefined count value is zero. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein the interface circuit is configured to receive a multi-user frame transmission from the electronic device in response to the trigger frame. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein the access point is compatible with an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The access point of claim 5, wherein the IEEE standard comprises IEEE 802.11ax. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is the same as that used by one or more other access points in the WLAN that are compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is smaller than those used by the set of electronic devices or by one or more legacy access points in the WLAN that are not compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is based on a number of other access points in the WLAN that are compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The access point of claim 9, wherein the contention window increases in duration as a number of other access points in the WLAN increases. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein, when the interface circuit initiates a cascaded operation in which a single backoff occurs at a beginning of the cascaded operation, followed by downlink, uplink and block acknowledgment operations, the interface circuit is configured to create a larger number of backoff counters for the access point in order to increase a channel-access priority of the access point to access a channel; and wherein, when any of the one or more backoff counters reaches the predefined count value, the interface circuit is configured to access the channel. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein, during a common target wake time (TWT) negotiation for uplink and downlink traffic, the interface circuit is configured to receive, from the electronic device, a TWT request that the interface circuit disable transmissions by the access point during a subsequent TWT window. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The access point of claim 1, wherein the interface is configured to remove the given uplink virtual queue after the pending uplink data for the given uplink virtual queue has cleared or after a time interval has elapsed since the given uplink virtual queue was created. ### Claim 14 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by an interface circuit included in a communication device, cause the communication device to transmit a trigger frame, by carrying out one or more operations that comprise: receiving, from a set of electronic devices in a wireless local area network (WLAN), one or more buffer status reports that indicate that at least a subset of the set of electronic devices have uplink data, the uplink data having one or more associated access categories; creating a group of uplink virtual queues for electronic devices in the subset based on the one or more buffer status reports, wherein a given uplink virtual queue corresponds to a particular access category for which there is pending uplink data at a given electronic device; starting one or more backoff counters with a one-to-one correspondence to uplink virtual queues in the group of uplink virtual queues; when a given backoff counter for the given uplink virtual queue reaches a predefined count value, transmitting the trigger frame to an electronic device in the subset that corresponds to the given uplink virtual queue, wherein the communication device is compatible with an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard that includes trigger-based channel access; and providing, to the electronic device during a target wake time (TWT) negotiation, a request that the electronic device disable transmissions during a subsequent TWT window. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is the same as that used by one or more other access points in the WLAN that are compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is smaller than those used by the set of electronic devices or one or more legacy access points in the WLAN that are not compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein a contention window used in the one or more backoff counters is based on a number of other access points in the WLAN that are compatible with an IEEE 802.11 standard that includes trigger-based channel access. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the trigger frame includes information specifying allocated resource units for the electronic device. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the IEEE standard comprises IEEE 802.11ax. ### Claim 20 A method for increasing a channel-access priority, the method comprising: using an interface circuit in an access point: creating, when the interface circuit initiates a cascaded operation in which a single backoff occurs at a beginning of the cascaded operation, followed by downlink, uplink and block acknowledgment operations, multiple backoff counters associated with the access point in order to increase the channel-access priority of the access point; and accessing the channel when any of the multiple backoff counters reaches a predefined count value.