# US 10,483,532 B2 · Binder-free and carbon-free nanoparticle containing component, methods and applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,483,532 B2 - Document ID: US10483532B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 14/419,735 - Filed: 2013-08-06 - Published: 2015-07-02 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2012-08-07 - Assignees: Cornell University - Applicants: Cornell University - Inventors: Richard D. Robinson; Don-Hyung Ha - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10483532B2 ## CPC - H01M 4/366: {as layered products} - C25D 13/02: with inorganic material - H01G 9/042: characterised by the material (H01G11/22 takes precedence) - H01G 9/048: characterised by their structure (H01G11/22 takes precedence) - H01G 9/145: Liquid electrolytic capacitors (H01G11/00 takes precedence) - H01G 11/30: characterised by their material - H01G 11/46: Metal oxides - H01M 4/0457: {from dispersions or suspensions; Electrophoresis} - H01M 4/0471: {involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis} - H01M 4/131: Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/136: Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy - H01M 4/1391: of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx - H01M 4/1397: of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy - H01M 4/38: of elements or alloys - H01M 4/581: {Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof} - H01M 4/583: Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx - H01M 4/9041: {Metals or alloys (H01M4/92 takes precedence)} - H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy - H01M 4/5815: {Sulfides} - H01M 4/8853: {Electrodeposition} - H01M 4/9016: {Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts} - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02E 60/13: Energy storage using capacitors - Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - C25D: PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR - H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract A method for forming an adherent metal based nanoparticle material layer upon a substrate includes an electrophoretic deposition method for depositing a metal nanoparticle material layer upon the substrate. The metal nanoparticle material layer may then be treated to form the adherent metal based nanoparticle material layer comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide material, a metal nitride material, a metal oxynitride material and a metal chalcogenide material. The method is particularly useful for fabricating a battery electrode comprising a Co3O4 nanoparticle material layer, for use within a lithium ion battery. Other applications include fuel cells, capacitors and catalytic reactors. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electrochemical apparatus comprising: a component comprising: a substrate; and a hollow core morphology transition metal based nanoparticle material layer located over the substrate and absent a binder material, absent a polymeric material, and absent a carbon material, wherein the hollow core morphology transition metal based nanoparticle material layer is first formed upon the substrate as a solid core morphology transition metal based nanoparticle material layer using an electrophoretic deposition method, and wherein the solid core morphology transition metal based nanoparticle material layer adhered upon the substrate is treated to provide the hollow core morphology transition metal based nanoparticle material layer; wherein the electrochemical apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a battery, a fuel cell, a capacitor and a catalytic reactor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the component comprises an electrode; and the electrochemical apparatus is selected from the group consisting of a battery, a fuel cell and a capacitor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the substrate is an optically opaque substrate selected from the group consisting of a conductor substrate, a semiconductor substrate and a dielectric substrate. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the metal nanoparticle material layer comprises a transition metal nanoparticle material layer not including vanadium, manganese, iron, titanium and nickel. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the metal based nanoparticle material layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a metal nitride, a metal oxynitride and a metal chalcogenide material. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the metal based nanoparticle material layer comprises a transition metal based nanoparticle material layer not including vanadium, manganese, iron, titanium and nickel. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrochemical apparatus comprises a battery. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrochemical apparatus comprises a fuel cell. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrochemical apparatus comprises a capacitor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the electrochemical apparatus comprises a catalytic reactor. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an optically opaque enclosure into which is assembled the component. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The electrochemical apparatus of claim 1, wherein the hollow core is spherical.