# US 10,481,623 B1 · Optimizing a temperature profile in a thermal management system of an electric vehicle > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,481,623 B1 - Document ID: US10481623B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 16/222,883 - Filed: 2018-12-17 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2018-12-17 - Assignees: Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.; SF Motors, Inc. - Applicants: Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd.; SF Motors Inc. - Inventors: Mehdi Forouzan; Saeed Khaleghi Rahimian; Sangwoo Han; Ying Liu; Yifan Tang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10481623B1 ## CPC - G05D 23/1917: {using digital means} - G05B 13/048: {using a predictor} - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - H01M 10/441: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H01M 10/6554: Rods or plates - H01M 10/66: Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - G05D: SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES - G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G) - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A method for controlling battery temperature during a charge cycle includes representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually; for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate; determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes differences between simulated responses for each of the plurality of individual battery cells; and providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for controlling battery temperature during a charge cycle, the method comprising: representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually; for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate; determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes an amount of lithium plating that occurs during the charge cycle; and providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the battery cell comprises one of a plurality of lithium-ion battery cells in a battery pack of an electric vehicle. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of individual battery cells comprises at least three individual battery cells. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the battery cell is divided into individual battery cells in a direction moving away from a heat/cold source. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the battery cell is divided into individual battery cells from a bottom to a top of the battery cell. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein a heat source is disposed adjacent to the bottom of the battery cell. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises a calculation of an amount of lithium plating that is deposited during the charge cycle. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises current densities in the plurality of individual battery cells during the charge cycle. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more simulated responses comprises temperature changes in the plurality of individual battery cells during the charge cycle. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses comprises using a model based on mass conservation in the battery cell. ### Claim 11 A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: representing a battery cell as a plurality of individual battery cells such that each representation of the individual battery cells can be simulated individually; for each of the individual battery cells, calculating one or more simulated responses during a charge cycle based at least in part on one or more values indicative of a charge rate; determining an optimal input temperature profile for the charge rate that minimizes differences between simulated responses for each of the plurality of individual battery cells; and providing the optimal input temperature profile for control of a temperature management system that monitors and controls a temperature of the battery cell. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses comprises using a model based on charge conservation in the battery cell. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the one or more values indicative of a charge rate comprises an input current. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein calculating the one or more simulated responses during the charge cycle is further based at least in part on an input temperature profile. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise providing a plurality of input temperature profiles when calculating the one or more simulated responses. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the optimal input temperature profile is selected from the plurality of input temperature profiles. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the optimal input temperature profile is further determined by minimizing an amount of lithium plating that occurs during the charge cycle. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the optimal input temperature profile is determined by identifying an input temperature profile that keeps a temperature of the battery cell below a maximum threshold. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the temperature management system controls a heat source placed adjacent to the battery cell. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the operations further comprise controlling the temperature of the battery cell.