# US 10,481,479 B2 · Immersive optical projection system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 10,481,479 B2 - Document ID: US10481479B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 15/716,503 - Filed: 2017-09-26 - Published: 2019-01-24 - Granted: 2019-11-19 - Earliest claimed: 2016-09-26 - Applicants: Ronald S. Maynard - Inventors: Ronald S. Maynard - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10481479B2 ## CPC - G03B 21/28: Reflectors in projection beam {(in illumination beam G03B21/2066)} - G02B 5/12: Reflex reflectors - G02B 26/12: using multifaceted mirrors - G02B 27/0037: {with diffracting elements (G02B27/0056 takes precedence; holographic optical elements G02B5/32; zone systems G02B5/1876)} - G02B 27/0172: {characterised by optical features} - G02B 27/0176: {characterised by mechanical features} - G06F 3/013: {Eye tracking input arrangements (G06F3/015 takes precedence)} - H04N 9/3129: {scanning a light beam on the display screen (scanning a light beam on a screen in displays other than projection devices G09G3/02; scanning systems in general G02B26/10; projectors using laser light sources in general H04N9/3161)} - H04N 9/3147: {Multi-projection systems (video walls G06F3/1446)} - H04R 1/025: {Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture} - G02B 1/002: {made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials} - G02B 26/0825: {the reflecting element being a flexible sheet or membrane, e.g. for varying the focus (flexible mirrors for cosmetic use A45D42/24)} - G02B 26/0841: {the reflecting element being moved or deformed by electrostatic means} - G02B 2027/0178: {Eyeglass type (eyeglass details G02C)} - G02B 2027/0187: {slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye} - G03B: APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR (optical parts of such apparatus G02B; photosensitive materials or processes for photographic purposes G03C; apparatus for processing exposed photographic materials G03D) - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - H04R: LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS (producing sounds with frequency not determined by supply frequency G10K) ## Abstract An improved virtual reality system comprising an immersive sound system, sensors, a power source, communications, data processing, and an optical system that delivers photoreceptor density resolution, wide angle, high contrast, binocular vision, continuous depth of field images, is integrated for a fully immersive experience. In one embodiment, an optical system comprises a miniaturized array of projectors geometrically arranged to cover the photoreceptive areas of the retina. The projectors provide full spectrum, amplitude modulated, and controllably divergent beams of light that can be steered with one or more degrees of freedom. These beams are subsequently reflected off a compound curved reflector, through additional optics, and along reversible light paths to form images on the retina. Segmented projector arrays greatly improve dynamic performance. In another embodiment, an adaptive optics reflector is comprised of an array of fixed, or independently controllable optical elements, that can alter reflected beam properties such that a virtual object may appear to be nearer to, or further from the viewer. In yet another embodiment, a direct projection, two dimensional array of micro projectors are positioned to deliver a fully immersive image directly into the eye. Binocular embodiments can elicit an accurate vergence-accommodation reflex, produce stabilized images that are closely synchronized with the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and create lifelike binocular disparities that produce a faithful sense of stereopsis, an important factor for the avoidance of virtual reality motion sickness. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An immersive optical projection device comprising: a frame; at least one projector array comprising at least one image projection device; at least one light source, wherein said light source is coupled to said projector array; a reflector, wherein said reflector is coupled to said frame; and a projector array support, wherein said at least one projector array is coupled to said projector array support and said projector array support is coupled to said frame, such that a beam of light produced by said at least one light source is directed to said at least one image projection device, and said at least one image projection device controllably emits a luminous image, in at least one dimension, that further proceeds towards said reflector, whereupon, said reflector redirects said luminous image into an observer's eye. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said at least one image projection device is a scanning sub-projector configured to controllably steer said at least one beam of light with at least one degree of freedom. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising at least one beam modulator placed in an optical path between said at least one light source and said observer's eye, such that the amplitude, polarization state, wavelength, or degree of vergence of said beam of light impinging on said at least one beam modulator is selectively altered and further proceeds along said optical path. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising at least one observation channel. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said at least one image projection device is a multi-degree of freedom beam steering device. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said at least one projector array is a scanning projector. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said reflector is a revolved conic section having at least a partially reflective surface or a revolved asphere having at least a partially reflective surface. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said reflector is a refractive element having an at least partially reflective distal surface and a substantially transparent proximal surface such that said at least one beam of light passing through said refractive element and reflecting off said at least partially reflective distal surface is further directed towards said substantially transparent proximal surface and into said observer's eye. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising at least one integrated system module, wherein said at least one integrated system module is a data processor module, a power module, a wired communications module, a wireless communications module, an electro optical module, an inertial sensor module, a position sensor module, a speaker module, a camera module, or an eye tracking module, and said at least one integrated system module is coupled to said frame. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising: at least one outward looking camera; and at least one motion sensor, wherein said at least one outward looking camera is affixed to a distal surface of said reflector and said at least one motion sensor is affixed to said frame. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising an array of individually controllable micromirrors disposed on a proximal surface of said reflector nearest said observer's eye, wherein each individually controllable micromirror of said array is configured to selectively control the angle of reflection of an impinging said beam of light. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising at least one said image projection device coupled to said frame such that said at least one image projection device controllably emits said luminous image, in at least one dimension, that further proceeds into said observer's eye. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 wherein said projector array support is a refractive corrector lens that is sealed against said reflector, thereby forming a sealed cavity protective of said reflector and said projector array, wherein said projector array is coupled to said refractive corrector lens and within said sealed cavity. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The immersive optical projection device of claim 1 further comprising a variable focus optical element array disposed on a proximal surface of said reflector nearest to said observer's eye, wherein each variable focus optical element of said variable focus optical element array is configured to control the vergence of an impinging beam of light. ### Claim 15 An immersive optical projection device comprising: a frame; at least one scanning projector, wherein said at least one scanning projector is further comprised of at least one multi-degree of freedom steerable micromirror; at least one light source, wherein said light source is coupled to said scanning projector; a revolved conic section reflector surface or aspheric reflector surface; an array of individually controllable micromirrors, wherein said array of individually controllable micromirrors is disposed on said revolved conic section reflector surface or said aspheric reflector surface; and a refractive element coupled to said frame, wherein said refractive element is sealed against said revolved conic section reflector surface or said aspheric reflector surface, thereby forming a sealed cavity protective of said revolved conic section reflector surface, or said aspheric reflector surface and said at least one scanning projector, wherein said at least one scanning projector is coupled to said refractive element and within said sealed cavity, such that a beam of light produced by said at least one light source is directed to said at least one multi-degree of freedom steerable micromirror, and said at least one multi-degree of freedom steerable micromirror controllably emits a luminous image, in at least one dimension, that further proceeds towards said array of individually controllable micromirrors, and is further directed through said refractive element into an observer's eye. ### Claim 16 An immersive optical projection device comprising: a support structure; at least one micro scanner direct projection optical element comprising: at least one light source; at least one multi-dimensional image projection device; and a projection optical element, wherein said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device is coupled to said support structure, and said at least one light source, said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device and said projection optical element are coupled with respect to one another such that a beam of light produced by said at least one light source is directed to said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device, and said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device controllably emits a luminous image in at least one dimension, that further proceeds through said projection optical element, whereupon said luminous image is projected towards an observer's eye. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The immersive optical projection device of claim 16 further comprising: a light isolation housing, wherein said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device is affixed to an interior wall of said light isolation housing and said projection optical element is sealed against an opposing open side of said light isolation housing, such that a sealed cavity protective of said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device and one side of said projection optical element is formed, such that said luminous image emitted by said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device passes through said projection optical element and away from said light isolation housing towards said observer's eye. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The immersive optical projection device of claim 16 wherein said at least one multi-dimensional image projection device is a scanning projector that can steer said beam of light with at least one degree of freedom. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The immersive optical projection device of claim 16 further comprising at least one beam modulator placed in an optical path between said light source and said observer's eye, such that the amplitude, polarization state, wavelength, or degree of vergence of said beam of light impinging on said at least one beam modulator is selectively altered and further proceeds along said optical path. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The immersive optical projection device of claim 16 wherein said at least one micro scanner direct projection optical element comprises a plurality of micro scanner direct projection optical elements arrayed in two dimensions on surface of said support structure such that a screen of sufficient size is created for direct viewing by one or more observers.