# US 10,479,940 B2 · Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device

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- Number: US 10,479,940 B2
- Document ID: US10479940B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/568,485
- Filed: 2016-03-31
- Published: 2018-04-19
- Granted: 2019-11-19
- Earliest claimed: 2015-04-23
- Assignees: Jnc Corporation; Jnc Petrochemical Corporation
- Applicants: Jnc Corporation; Jnc Petrochemical Corporation
- Inventors: Naoko Matsuda; Masayuki Saito
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10479940B2

## CPC

- C09K 19/12: at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K 19/20: linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters {or ethers}
- C09K 19/30: containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K 19/3003: {Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)}
- C09K 19/3066: {in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers}
- C09K 19/32: containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
- C09K 19/34: containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K 19/3402: {having oxygen as hetero atom (sugars C09K19/0422)}
- C09K 19/38: Polymers
- C09K 19/42: Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
- C09K 19/44: containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
- C09K 19/54: Additives having no specific mesophase {characterised by their chemical composition}
- G02F 1/1333: Constructional arrangements; {Manufacturing methods}(G02F1/135, G02F1/136 take precedence)
- C09K 2019/0448: {the end chain group being a polymerizable end group, e.g. -Sp-P or acrylate}
- C09K 2019/0466: {the linking chain being a -CF2O- chain}
- C09K 2019/122: {Ph-Ph}
- C09K 2019/3004: {Cy-Cy}
- C09K 2019/301: {Cy-Cy-Ph}
- C09K 2019/3422: {the heterocyclic ring being a six-membered ring}
- C09K 2019/3425: {Six-membered ring with oxygen(s) in fused, bridged or spiro ring systems}
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G02F: OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS

## Abstract

A liquid crystal compound having positive dielectric anisotropy is provided and contains a compound represented by formula (1) as a first component, a compound represented by formula (2) as a second component, a polar compound as a first additive and a polymerizable compound as a second additive. In formula (1), R1a is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, or the like; ring Q and ring S are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or the like; Z1a and Z2a are independently a single bond or the like; X1a and X2a are independently hydrogen or fluorine; Y1a is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, or the like; q is 1, 2, 3 or 4; s is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and a sum of q and s is 4 or less.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A liquid crystal composition that has positive dielectric anisotropy, and contains at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1) as a first component, a compound represented by formula (2) as a second component, at least one polar compound as a first additive and at least one polymerizable compound as a second additive:
wherein, in formula (1), R1a is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; ring Q and ring S are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl; Z1a and Z2a are independently a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH═CH—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF2O— or —OCF2—; X1a and X2a are independently hydrogen or fluorine; Y1a is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine; q is 1, 2, 3 or 4; s is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and a sum of q and s is 4 or less.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (1-1) to formula (1-14) as the first component:
wherein, in formula (1-1) to formula (1-14), R1a is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; X1a, X2a, X3a, X4a, X5a, X6a, X7a, X8a, X9a, X10a, X11a, X12a, X13a and X14a are independently hydrogen or fluorine; and Y1a is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein a proportion of the first component is in the range of 5% by weight to 55% by weight, and a proportion of the second component is in the range of 5% by weight to 50% by weight.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (3) as a third component:
wherein, in formula (3), R1a and R4a are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine; ring U and ring V are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene; Z1a is a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —COO— or —OCO—; u is 1, 2 or 3; in which, when u is 1, ring V is 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, further containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (4):
wherein, in formula (4), R5a is alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons or alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons; ring W is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl; Z4a is a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —COO— or —OCO—; X15a and X16a are independently hydrogen or fluorine; Y2a is fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine; and w is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (5):
wherein, in formula (5), R6a and R7a are independently alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 12 carbons or alkenyloxy having 2 to 12 carbons; ring D and ring F are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine, or tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl; ring E is 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-chloro-3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-5-methyl-1,4-phenylene, 3,4,5-trifluoronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 7,8-difluorochroman-2,6-diyl; Z5a and Z6a are independently a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CH2O— or —OCH2—; e is 1, 2 or 3, and f is 0 or 1; and a sum of e and f is 3 or less.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the first additive is a polar compound having a polar group containing a hetero atom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, containing at least one polar compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (6) and formula (7) as the first additive:
MES-R5 (6)
(R4)g—R5 (7)
wherein, in formula (6), MES is a mesogen group having at least one ring; in formula (7), R4 is alkyl having 4 to 20 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH—, —CF═CH—, —CH═CF—, —C≡C— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; and in formula (6) and formula (7), R5 is a polar group having at least one of an oxygen atom having an OH structure, a sulfur atom having an SH structure, and a nitrogen atom having a primary, secondary or tertiary amine structure; and g is 1 or 2.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, containing at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (6-1) as the first additive:
wherein, in formula (6-1), ring G and ring I are independently an aromatic group having 6 to 25 carbons, a heteroaromatic group having 5 to 25 carbons, an alicyclic group having 3 to 25 carbons or a heteroalicyclic group having 4 to 25 carbons, and the groups may be a condensed ring, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by group T, in which group T is —OH, —(CH2)i—OH, halogen, —CN, —NO2, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —C(═O)N(R0)2, —C(═O)R0, —N(R0)2, —(CH2)i—N(R0)2, aryl having 6 to 20 carbons, heteroaryl having 6 to 20 carbons, alkyl having 1 to 25 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 25 carbons, alkylcarbonyl having 2 to 25 carbons, alkoxycarbonyl having 2 to 25 carbons, alkylcarbonyloxy having 2 to 25 carbons or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 2 to 25 carbons, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and i is 1, 2, 3 or 4; Z5 is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —OCO—, —O—CO—O—, —OCH2—, —CH2O—, —SCH2—, —CH2S—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CF2S—, —SCF2—, —(CH2)i—, —CF2CH2—, —CH2CF2—, —(CF2)i—, —CH═CH—, —CF═CF, —C≡C—, —CH═CH—COO—, —OCO—CH═CH—, —C(R0)2 or a single bond, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and i is 1, 2, 3 or 4; R5 is alkyl having 1 to 25 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —NR0—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one tertiary carbon (>CH—) may be replaced by nitrogen (>N—), and at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine, in which R5 has at least one of an oxygen atom having an OH structure, a sulfur atom having an SH structure, and a nitrogen atom having a primary, secondary or tertiary amine structure; R6 is hydrogen, halogen and alkyl having 1 to 25 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —NR0—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, and at least one tertiary carbon (>CH—) may be replaced by nitrogen (>N—), and in the groups, at least hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons; and his 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, further containing at least one polar compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (7-1) as the first additive:
R4—R5 (7-1)
wherein, in formula (7-1), R4 is alkyl having 4 to 20 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH—, —CF═CH—, —CH═CF—, —C≡C— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; R5 is alkyl having 1 to 25 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —NR0—, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCOO— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and at least one tertiary carbon (>CH—) may be replaced by nitrogen (>N—), and at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine, in which R5 has at least one of an oxygen atom having an OH structure, a sulfur atom having an SH structure, and a nitrogen atom having a primary, secondary or tertiary amine structure.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein, in formula (6) and formula (7), R5 is a group represented by any one of formula (A1) to formula (A4):
wherein, in formula (A1) to formula (A4), Sp4, Sp6 and Sp7 are independently a single bond or a group (-Sp″-X″—), in which Sp″ is alkylene having 1 to 20 carbons, and in the alkylene, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —NH—, —N(R0)—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —S—CO—, —CO—S—, —N(R0)—CO—O—, —O—CO—N(R0)—, —N(R0)—CO—N(R0)—, —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine or —CN, and X″ is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, —O—CO—O—, —CO—N(R0)—, —N(R0)—CO—, —N(R0)—CO—N(R0)—, —OCH2—, —CH2O—, —SCH2—, —CH2S—, —CF2O—, —OCF2—, —CF2S—, —SCF2—, —CF2CH2—, —CH2CF2—, —CF2CF2—, —N═CH—, —N═N—, —CH—CR0—, —CY2═CY3—, —CH═CH—CO—O—, —O—CO—CH═CH— or a single bond, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and Y2 and Y3 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or —CN; Spy is >CH—, >CR11—, >N— or >C<; X3 is —OH, —OR11, —COOH, —NH2, —NHR11, —N(R11)2, —SH, —SR11,
in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons; X4 is —O—, —CO—, —NH—, —NR11—, —S— or a single bond; Z6 is alkylene having 1 to 15 carbons, an alicyclic group having 5 or 6 carbons or a combination thereof, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by —OH, —OR11, —COOH, —NH2, —NHR11, —N(R11)2, fluorine or chlorine, in which R11 is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —C≡C—, —CH═CH—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO— or —O—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; ring J is an aromatic group having 6 to 25 carbons or an alicyclic group having 3 to 25 carbons, and the groups may be a condensed ring, and in the groups, one to three hydrogens may be replaced by RL; RL is —OH, —(CH2)i—OH, fluorine, chlorine, —CN, —NO2, —NCO, —NCS, —OCN, —SCN, —C(═O)N(R0)2, —C(═O)R0, —N(R0)2, —(CH2)i—N(R0)2, —SH, —SR0, aryl having 6 to 20 carbons, heteroaryl having 6 to 20 carbons, alkyl having 1 to 25 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 25 carbons, alkylcarbonyl having 2 to 25 carbons, alkoxycarbonyl having 2 to 25 carbons, alkylcarbonyloxy having 2 to 25 carbons or alkoxycarbonyloxy having 2 to 25 carbons, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine, in which R0 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, and i is 1, 2, 3 or 4; j is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and k is 2, 3, 4 or 5.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein the first additive is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (6-1-1) to formula (6-1-4):
wherein, in formula (6-1-1) to formula (6-1-4), ring G and ring I are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,3-phenylene, 2-ethyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-diethyl-1,4-phenylene, 2-trifluoromethyl-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,6-difluoro-1,4-phenylene or 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylene; ring J is cyclohexyl or phenyl; Z6 is a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —COO— or —OCO—; Z7 is a single bond, alkylene having 1 to 15 carbons, an alicyclic group having 5 or 6 carbons or a combination thereof, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by —OH, —OR11, —COOH, —NH2, —NHR11, —N(R11)2, fluorine or chlorine, and R11 is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —C≡C—, —CH═CH—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—, —O— or —NH—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; Sp4 is a single bond, —CH2CH2—, —CH2CH2CH2—, —CH2O— or —OCH2—; Sp7 is a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 5 carbons, and in the alkylene, —CH2— may be replaced by —O— or —NH—; R7 is alkyl having 1 to 8 carbons or fluorine; h is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; X3 is —OH, —COOH, —SH, —OCH3 or —NH2; and X4 is a single bond or —O—.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein the first additive is at least one compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (7-1-1) to formula (7-1-29):
wherein, in formula (7-1-1) to formula (7-1-29), R4 is alkyl having 4 to 20 carbons, and in the alkyl, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH—, —CF═CH—, —CH═CF—, —C≡— or cycloalkylene having 3 to 8 carbons, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein a proportion of the first additive is 10% by weight or less.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, containing at least one polymerizable compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (8) as the second additive:
wherein, in formula (8), ring A and ring C are independently cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, tetrahydropyran-2-yl, 1,3-dioxane-2-yl, pyrimidine-2-yl or pyridine-2-yl, and in the rings, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine; ring B is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-1,2-diyl, naphthalene-1,3-diyl, naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-1,5-diyl, naphthalene-1,6-diyl, naphthalene-1,7-diyl, naphthalene-1,8-diyl, naphthalene-2,3-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, naphthalene-2,7-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, and in the rings, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine, chlorine, alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 12 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 12 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine; Z1 and Z2 are independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons, and in the alkylene, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —COO— or —OCO—, and at least one piece of —CH2CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH—, —C(CH3)═CH—, —CH═C(CH3)— or —C(CH3)═C(CH3)—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; P1, P2 and P3 are a polymerizable group; Sp1, Sp2 and Sp3 are independently a single bond or alkylene 1 to 10 carbons, and in the alkylene, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and at least one piece of —CH2CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine; a is 0, 1 or 2; and b, c and d are independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 15, wherein, in formula (8), P1, P2 and P3 are independently a polymerizable group selected from the group of groups represented by formula (P-1) to formula (P-5):
wherein, in formula (P-1) to formula (P-5), M1, M2 and M3 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 15, wherein the second additive is at least one polymerizable compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (8-1) to formula (8-28):
wherein, in formula (8-1) to formula (8-28), P1, P2 and P3 are independently a polymerizable group selected from the group of groups represented by formula (P-1) to formula (P-3), in which M1, M2 and M3 are independently hydrogen, fluorine, alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons, or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons in which at least one hydrogen is replaced by fluorine or chlorine;
wherein, Sp1, Sp2 and Spa are independently a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons, and in the alkylene, at least one piece of —CH2— may be replaced by —O—, —OCO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, and at least one piece of —CH2CH2— may be replaced by —CH═CH— or —C≡C—, and in the groups, at least one hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine or chlorine.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The liquid crystal composition according to claim 15, wherein a proportion of the second additive is in the range of 0.03% by weight to 10% by weight based on the weight of the liquid crystal composition.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

A polymer sustained alignment mode liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, or a polymerizable compound in the liquid crystal composition is polymerized.

### Claim 20 (depends on 1)

A polymer sustained alignment mode liquid crystal display device having no alignment film, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, or a polymerizable compound in the liquid crystal composition is polymerized.