# US 10,479,711 B2 · Composition with a time release material for removing halogenated hydrocarbons from contaminated environments

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- Number: US 10,479,711 B2
- Document ID: US10479711B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 15/147,733
- Filed: 2016-05-05
- Published: 2017-11-09
- Granted: 2019-11-19
- Earliest claimed: 2016-05-05
- Assignees: Remediation Products, Inc.
- Applicants: Remediation Products, Inc.
- Inventors: Scott Noland
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US10479711B2

## CPC

- C02F 3/341: {Consortia of bacteria}
- B01J 20/02: comprising inorganic material
- B01J 20/043: {Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite}
- B01J 20/06: comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J 20/08: comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
- B01J 20/16: Alumino-silicates (B01J20/12 takes precedence)
- B01J 20/18: Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J 20/20: comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
- B01J 20/28057: {Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area}
- B01J 20/3204: {Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates}
- B01J 20/3236: {containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts}
- B09C 1/08: chemically
- B09C 1/10: microbiologically, {biologically} or by using enzymes
- C02F 1/70: by reduction {(C02F1/4676 takes precedence)}
- C02F 3/346: {Iron bacteria}
- C02F 3/348: {characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed}
- B09C 1/002: {involving in-situ ground water treatment}
- B09C 2101/00: In situ
- C02F 1/288: {using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered}
- C02F 2101/12: Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F 2103/06: Contaminated groundwater or leachate
- C02F 2305/06: Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
- Y02E 50/30: Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
- C02F: TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (separation in general B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F9/04; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B09C: RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL (gatherers for removing stone or the like from the soil A01B43/00; sterilising soil by steam A01G11/00; removing undesirable matter, e.g. rubbish, from the land E01H15/00)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A composition remediation of soil and groundwater containing halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an elemental iron-based composition, which may include activated carbon capable of absorbing the halogenated compounds with numerous pores impregnated with elemental iron. The remediation composition further includes a first bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an organic compound or polymeric substance and a second bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the organic compound or polymeric substance over time (e.g., 20 to 365 or more days to provide a time release substrate-creating material or platform) into smaller molecules or compounds used by the organisms in the first bioremediation material while degrading the halogenated compounds. The organic compound may be a complex carbohydrate such as food grade starch, chitin, or other complex carbohydrate such as one with low water solubility.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A remediation composition, comprising:
a first set of one or more organisms able to degrade at least one halogenated compound; and
a time release compound, combined with the first set of one or more organisms, comprising:
at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide; and
a second set of one or more organisms mixed with the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide, wherein the second set of one or more organisms degrades, over a period of time, the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide into smaller molecules or compounds that donate electrons for use by the first set of one or more organisms during degradation of the halogenated compound and wherein the period of time has a length of at least 20 days,
wherein the remediation composition further comprises a composition comprising activated carbon impregnated with elemental iron, and
wherein the elemental iron is impregnated into the activated carbon by being at least partially dissolved into walls of pores of the activated carbon.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the second set of one or more organisms is mixed with a polysaccharide that comprises starch.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, wherein the starch is a food grade starch.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the second set of one or more organisms is mixed with a polysaccharide that comprises chitin.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the smaller molecules or compounds donate electrons for use by the first set of one or more organisms during the degradation of the set of halogenated compounds.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the elemental iron is impregnated into the activated carbon by being at least partially dissolved into walls of pores of the activated carbon and wherein transitions in the walls of the pores between the activated carbon and the elemental iron comprises cast iron and iron carbide.

### Claim 7

A remediation composition, comprising:
a composition comprising activated carbon impregnated with elemental iron;
a first set of one or more organisms able to degrade at least one halogenated compound;
at least one polyamide or at least one polysaccharide; and
a second set of one or more organisms breaking the at least one polyamide or at least one polysaccharide into smaller molecules or compounds useful to the first set of one or more organisms during degradation of the halogenated compound,
wherein the second set of or more organisms degrades the at least one polyamide or at least one polysaccharide over a period of time of at least 20 days, and
wherein the smaller molecules or compounds donate electrons for use by the first set of one or more organisms during the degradation of the set of halogenated compounds, whereby in combination the at least one polyamide or at least one polysaccharide and the second set of one or more organisms provide a time release platform fueling the degradation by the first set of one or more organisms.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the second set of one or more organisms is mixed with a polysaccharide that comprises starch.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The composition of claim 8, wherein the starch is a food grade starch.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the second set of one or more organisms is mixed with a polysaccharide that comprises chitin.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the elemental iron is impregnated into the activated carbon by being at least partially dissolved into walls of pores of the activated carbon and wherein transitions in the walls of the pores between the activated carbon and the elemental iron comprises cast iron and iron carbide.

### Claim 12

A remediation composition, comprising:
a first bioremediation material including a first set of one or more microorganisms able to degrade at least one halogenated compound;
at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide;
a second bioremediation material including second set of one or more microorganisms able to degrade the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide into smaller molecules or compounds that donate electrons for use by the first set of one or more microorganisms during degradation of the halogenated compound; and
an elemental iron-based composition comprising activated carbon capable of adsorbing the halogenated compounds and with pores impregnated with iron,
wherein degrading of the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide by the organisms of the second bioremediation material is performed over a time period of at least 20 days.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide comprises starch.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The composition of claim 13, wherein the starch comprises a food grade starch.

### Claim 15 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the at least one of a polyamide and a polysaccharide comprises chitin.

### Claim 16 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the degrading of the organic compound includes providing a plurality of monomeric units and wherein the organic compound has an average molecular weight of at least 2500 daltons.

### Claim 17 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the degrading of the organic compound by the at least one microorganism of the second bioremediation material comprises breaking the organic compound into a plurality of smaller molecules utilized by the at least one microorganism of the first bioremediation material during the degrading of the halogenated compounds.

### Claim 18 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the elemental iron-based composition has between about 1 and 20 percent by weight of the iron, wherein the exposed surface area of the iron is between about 50 and 400 m2/g, and wherein the activated carbon has a surface area between about 800 and 2000 m2/g.

### Claim 19 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the iron is impregnated into the activated carbon by being at least partially dissolved into walls of the pores and wherein transitions between the activated carbon and the iron comprises cast iron and iron carbide.

### Claim 20 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the halogenated compounds are in the group consisting of halogenated hydrocarbons.

### Claim 21 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes bacteria including at least one of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, or Pseudomonas spp.

### Claim 22 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes fungi.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The composition of claim 22, wherein the fungi comprises at least one of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium.

### Claim 24 (depends on 12)

The composition of claim 12, wherein the first set of one or more microorganisms includes at least one of halorespirators, acetogens, methanogens, and facultative anaerobes.

### Claim 25 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes bacteria including at least one of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, or Pseudomonas spp.

### Claim 26 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes fungi.

### Claim 27 (depends on 26)

The composition of claim 26, wherein the fungi comprises at least one of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium.

### Claim 28 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the first set of one or more microorganisms includes at least one of halorespirators, acetogens, methanogens, and facultative anaerobes.

### Claim 29 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes bacteria including at least one of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, or Pseudomonas spp.

### Claim 30 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the second set of one or more organisms includes fungi.

### Claim 31 (depends on 30)

The composition of claim 30, wherein the fungi comprises at least one of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium.

### Claim 32 (depends on 7)

The composition of claim 7, wherein the first set of one or more microorganisms includes at least one of halorespirators, acetogens, methanogens, and facultative anaerobes.